The Experiences From the First Rounds of Offshore Wind Farm Installation in the German EEZ (Both Baltic and North Sea) and Lessons Learnt to Achieve Serial Production Status: A Consultant’s Perspective
The Experiences From the First Rounds of Offshore Wind Farm Installation in the German EEZ (Both Baltic and North Sea) and Lessons Learnt to Achieve Serial Production Status: A Consultant’s Perspective
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德国专属经济区（波罗的海和北海）第一轮海上风电场安装的经验以及实现批量生产状态的经验教训：顾问的视角
DOI：
10.1115/omae2014-24682
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ekkehard Stade
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ekkehard Stade
与传统的石油和天然气设施相比，海上风电场对运营商和承包商的安全风险较小。在后Macondo世界，这并不令人惊讶，因为海上风电场的建设，运营和维护所涉及的风险要低得多。即使事故和未遂事故的概率更高（由于连续施工），其严重性/影响也要低得多。另一方面，项目复杂，利润率是他们所谓的：边际。因此，没有错误的余地，也许是以拖延的形式。例如，如果涡轮机的安装完成和内部阵列布线/输出电缆没有完全协调，那么可以实现的微小商业成功会因昂贵的补偿活动而迅速减少。本文将尝试提出最紧迫挑战的解决方案，并详细说明这些挑战可能产生的影响。如果在项目开始时就实施了，那么一个可持续的新行业如何通过向现有行业学习来发展？目前，有一种观点认为海上风电是一项短命的业务。石油和天然气行业的代表特别提出了这种关切。除了这些声音的明显偏见外，这一争议还因为海上风电似乎倾向于尝试重新发明轮子，而不是使用既定的程序。即使对海上风电开发有相对稳定的承诺，无论欧洲沿海国家各自的政府重点如何，该行业仍面临融资问题，补贴，由于当局缺乏专业知识而导致的过度监管以及其他挑战。避免这些是这个行业在地球其他地区成功发展的关键。与稳定的承诺相结合，这对于吸引长期项目和建立复杂的供应链以实现上述目标至关重要。本文将着眼于该行业的短暂但密集的历史，并建立减轻海上风电场EPCI的一些相关风险。版权所有© 2014 ASME
Offshore wind farms present a lesser safety risk to operators and contractors than traditional oil and gas installations. In the post Macondo world this does not come as a surprise since the risks involved in construction, operation and maintenance of an offshore wind farm are by far lower.Even with higher probability of incidents and near misses (due to serial construction) the severity/ impact of those is considerably lower.On the other hand projects are complex, profit margins are what they are called: marginal. Hence there is no room for errors, perhaps in form of delays. If, for example, the installation completion of the turbines and the inner array cabling/ export cables are not perfectly in tune, the little commercial success that can be achieved is rapidly diminishing by costly compensation activities.The paper will try to present solutions to the most pressing challenges and elaborate on the effect those would have had, had they been implemented at the beginning of the projects.How can a sustainable new industry evolve by learning from established industries? Presently, there is a view that offshore wind is a short-lived business. Particularly representatives of the oil and gas industry raise such concern. Apart from the obvious bias of those voices, this controversy is also caused by the fact that offshore wind seems to have a tendency to try and re-invent the wheel rather than using established procedures. Even with a relatively stable commitment to the offshore wind development regardless of the respective government focus within European coastal states the industry suffers from financing issues, subsidies, over-regulation due to lack of expertise within authorities and other challenges. The avoidance of those is key to a successful development for this industry in other areas of the planet. In conjunction with a stable commitment this is essential in order to attract the long lead-time projects and to establish the complex supply chains to achieve above goals. The paper will look at the short but intensive history of the industry and establish mitigation to some of the involved risks of offshore wind farm EPCI.Copyright © 2014 by ASME