Stress effects on the neural substrates of motivated behavior.
Stress effects on the neural substrates of motivated behavior.
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DOI：
10.1038/nn.4114
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Phillips PE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hollon NG;Burgeno LM;Phillips PE
暴露在压力之下会对受激励的行为和决策产生深刻而复杂的影响。这些影响是一些精神障碍的核心症状，这些症状是由压力引起或加剧的，例如抑郁障碍和物质使用障碍。对压力对动机影响的神经基础的研究揭示了压力通过不同的分子信号过程影响整个大脑回路上的多个目标。此外，压力对动机行为并没有单一的影响，但应激源的强度、持续时间、间歇性、可控性和性质的不同会产生定性和定量上不同的行为终点。不足为奇的是，神经科学对压力和动机的研究结果往往比它们解决的问题更多。在这里，我们讨论与应激改变动机的神经机制有关的当代结果，找出争议点，并强调继续研究这些多方面复杂性的综合领域。
Exposure to stress has profound, but complex, actions on motivated behavior and decision-making. These effects are central to core symptoms of a number of psychiatric disorders that are precipitated or augmented by stress, such as depressive disorders and substance use disorders. Studying the neural substrates of stress’s effects on motivation has revealed that stress affects multiple targets on circuits throughout the brain using diverse molecular signaling processes. Moreover, stress does not have unitary effects on motivated behavior, but differences in the intensity, duration, intermittency, controllability and nature of the stressor produce qualitatively and quantitatively different behavioral endpoints. Unsurprisingly, the results of neuroscientific investigations into stress and motivation often open more questions than they resolve. Here we discuss contemporary results pertaining to the neural mechanisms by which stress alters motivation, identify points of contention and highlight integrative areas for continuing research into these multifaceted complexities.