PREDATOR-INDUCED PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN DAPHNIA-PULEX - LIFE-HISTORY AND MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO NOTONECTA AND CHAOBORUS
PREDATOR-INDUCED PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN DAPHNIA-PULEX - LIFE-HISTORY AND MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO NOTONECTA AND CHAOBORUS
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DOI：
10.4319/lo.1993.38.5.0986
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发表时间：
1993-07-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
BLACK, AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BLACK, AR
实验室生命表研究的结果表明，蚤状水蚤有一套独特的快速诱导的反应，从两个捕食者物种的水化学品。此外，水蚤表现出一套独特的诱导反应时，同时暴露于两种捕食者。水蚤有颈齿，并经历了延迟成熟时，暴露于水的化学品释放的幻影蠓Chaoborus americanus幼虫。具有Chaoborus诱导的表型可塑性与相对于对照处理的较低的种群增长率无关。当暴露于背泳者Notonecta undulata释放的水性化学物质时，D. pulex显示出意想不到的反应集合。Notonecta诱导的表型可塑性包括在第一次繁殖时迅速的幼年生长到大尺寸，成熟后几乎没有生长，以及高繁殖产量。同时暴露于化学线索Notonecta和Chaoborus导致的生活史和形态，同意预测的生活史和形态反应的水蚤，同时暴露于大型和小型的选择性捕食者。
Results from a laboratory life-table study show Daphnia pulex has a unique set of rapidly induced responses to waterborne chemicals from each of two predator species. Additionally, Daphnia exhibits a unique set of induced responses when simultaneously exposed to both predators. Daphnids possessed neck teeth and experienced delayed maturity when exposed to waterborne chemicals released from larvae of the phantom midge Chaoborus americanus. Possessing the Chaoborus-induced phenotypic plasticity was not associated with a lower population growth rate relative to that in the control treatment. When exposed to waterborne chemicals released from the backswimmer Notonecta undulata, D. pulex exhibited an unexpected assemblage of responses. The Notonecta-induced phenotypic plasticity included rapid juvenile growth to a large size at first reproduction, little growth beyond maturity, and high reproductive output. Simultaneous exposure to chemical cues from Notonecta and Chaoborus resulted in a life history and morphologies that agreed with predicted life history and morphological responses of Daphnia that had been simultaneously exposed to large- and small-size selective predators.