Helping Others Defend Themselves: The Future of U.S. Security Assistance
Helping Others Defend Themselves: The Future of U.S. Security Assistance
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帮助他人自卫：美国安全援助的未来
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Gates
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文献类型：
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作者：
R. Gates
他们自己管理自己的领土或保护自己的领土。从很多方面来说，与这种分裂或失败的国家打交道是我们这个时代的主要安全挑战。对于国防部和整个美国政府来说，这也是一个复杂的制度挑战。美国不太可能在短期内重复阿富汗或伊拉克那样规模的使命？也就是说，在炮火中进行国家建设，然后进行强制性的政权更迭。但正如五角大楼四年防务评估报告最近得出的结论，美国仍可能面临需要熟悉的能力工具包的情况，尽管规模较小。在这种情况下，美国的有效性和可信度取决于其当地伙伴的有效性、可信度和持续能力。这一战略现实要求美国政府更好地进行所谓的“伙伴能力建设”：帮助其他国家自卫，或者在必要时通过向他们提供装备、培训或其他形式的安全援助与美国军队并肩作战。这是美国近四分之三个世纪来一直在以各种方式做的事情。它可以追溯到美国加入第二次世界大战之前的时期，当时温斯顿丘吉尔有一句名言：“给我们工具，我们将完成这项工作。“通过租借法案，美国在战争期间向英国提供了价值约310亿美元的物资（以20世纪40年代的美元计算）。美国对苏联的援助超过110亿美元，其中包括数十万辆卡车和数千辆卡车。
quately govern themselves or secure their own territory. Dealing with such frac tured or failing states is, in many ways, the main security challenge of our time. For the Defense Department and the entire U.S. government, it is also a com plex institutional challenge. The United States is unlikely to repeat a mission on the scale of those in Afghanistan or Iraq anytime soon?that is, forced regime change followed by nation building under fire. But as the Pentagons Quadrennial Defense Review recently concluded, the United States is still likely to face scenarios requiring a familiar tool kit of capabilities, albeit on a smaller scale. In these situations, the effectiveness and credibility of the United States will only be as good as the effectiveness, credibility, and sustain ability of its local partners. This strategic reality demands that the U.S. government get better at what is called "building partner capacity": helping other countries defend themselves or, if necessary, fight alongside U.S. forces by providing them with equipment, training, or other forms of security assistance. This is some thing that the United States has been doing in various ways for nearly three-quarters of a century. It dates back to the period before the United States entered World War II, when Winston Churchill famously said, "Give us the tools, and we will finish the job." Through the Lend-Lease program, the United States sent some $31 billion worth of supplies (in 1940s dollars) to the United Kingdom over the course of the war. U.S. aid to the Soviet Union during those years exceeded $11 billion, including hundreds of thousands of trucks and thou