Traffic signal plans to decongest street grids
Traffic signal plans to decongest street grids
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trb.2022.05.014
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bassel Sadek;Jean Doig Godier;Michael J. Cassidy;C. Daganzo
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文献类型：
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作者：
Bassel Sadek;Jean Doig Godier;Michael J. Cassidy;C. Daganzo
提出了两种新的双向街道信号控制网络的同步策略。这两种策略被发现，以减少拥塞显着超过其他方法。其中一种策略是静态的，另一种策略是自适应的。两者都对网格上的所有信号使用共同的时序模式，但对每个信号使用不同的偏移。静态策略服务于早晨的高峰，在指向参考交叉口的所有街道上提供完美的前进路线，该交叉口位于所有工作场所的重心附近。对于晚高峰，所有远离参考交叉口的行驶方向都实现了完美的进展。自适应策略在该前向同步模式和适合于拥塞的第二模式之间切换，但仅在参考交叉口周围的预定区域中。切换是基于该地区的实时交通密度。本文展示了如何在两种同步模式之间快速切换，而不诉诸不可接受的短阶段。它还表明，如果网格是由两组相交的平行街道组成的，即使间隔不均匀，那么每条街道都可以在其中一个方向上完全同步。因此，早上的入站驾驶员或晚上的出站驾驶员保证在其行程的整个长度上遇到同步信号。虽然这是不可能的更不规则的网格，本文展示了如何修改这两种策略，这种情况下，使他们仍然表现良好。这些策略的基准与模拟对一个固定的，零偏移的策略，许多情况下，因为零偏移是已知的工作以及拥塞。在一个代表严重拥挤的早高峰的重要场景中，这两种策略也都与一个最先进的计算机程序进行了比较。虽然实践状态程序将零偏移延迟降低了7%，但所提出的策略将其降低了21%（静态）和32%（自适应）;即，提高了14%和25%的实践水平。这些改进大大超过了1%至5%的减少通常在文献中报道的其他国家的最先进的方法，已与国家的实践计划。对于其他场景，包括早晚高峰、工作场所的各种分布以及规则和不规则网格，也获得了类似的良好结果。
Two new synchronization strategies are developed for signalized grids of two-directional streets. Both strategies are found to reduce congestion significantly more than do other approaches. One of the strategies is static and the other adaptive. Both use a common timing pattern for all signals on the grid but use a different offset for each. The static strategy serves the morning rush by providing perfect forward progression on all streets in the directions that point toward a reference intersection, one that is located near the center of gravity of all workplaces. For the evening rush, perfect progression is achieved for all travel directions that point away from the reference intersection. The adaptive strategy toggles between this forward synchronization mode and a second mode suited for congestion, but only in a pre-determined district surrounding the reference intersection. Toggling is based on the district's real-time traffic density.The paper shows how to switch quickly between the two synchronization modes without resorting to unacceptably short phases. It also shows that if the grid is formed by two intersecting sets of parallel streets, even if unevenly spaced, then every street can be perfectly synchronized in one of its directions. As a result, an inbound driver in the morning, or an outbound driver in the evening, is guaranteed to encounter synchronized signals over the full length of her trip. Although this is not possible for more irregular grids, the paper shows how to modify the two strategies for this case, so that they still perform well.The strategies were benchmarked with simulations against a fixed, zero-offset strategy for many scenarios, because zero-offsets are known to work well under congestion. In one important scenario representing a severely congested morning rush, both strategies were also benchmarked against a state-of-the-practice computer program. While the state-of-the-practice program reduced the zero-offset delay by a modest 7%, the proposed strategies reduced it by 21% (static) and 32% (adaptive); i.e., improving on the state-of-the-practice program by 14% and 25%. These improvements considerably exceed the 1% to 5% reductions typically reported in the literature for other state-of-the-art methods that have been compared with state-of-the-practice programs. Similarly good results were obtained for the other scenarios, which included the morning and evening rushes, various distributions of workplaces, and both regular and irregular grids.