International Exploitation, Capital Export and Unequal Exchange
International Exploitation, Capital Export and Unequal Exchange
复制标题
国际剥削、资本输出与不平等交换
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197527085.013.10
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
and Naoki Yoshihara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jonathan Cogliano;Soh Kaneko;Roberto Veneziani;and Naoki Yoshihara
本章讨论了国际剥削和不平等交换是如何出现在全球经济中的，重点是有和没有信贷市场的简单经济模型。富国和穷国之间的商品自由贸易导致国家之间劳动时间的转移，使一些国家的公民消费的世界社会劳动超过他们所贡献的。资本跨境流动加上对人员流动的严格限制，导致资本净出口国剥削资本净进口国（或以牺牲资本净进口国为代价从不平等交换中获益）。在完全竞争下，货物和资本自由贸易的互利可以与世界经济中收入和劳动力的不平等流动并存。市场不完善和公开使用胁迫手段并不是国际剥削出现的必要条件。然而，它们可能是它随着时间的推移而持续存在的核心。
This chapter discusses how international exploitation and unequal exchange emerge in the global economy by focussing on simple economic models with and without credit markets. Free trade of commodities among rich and poor countries results in a transfer of labour time between countries, allowing the citizens of some countries to consume more of the world’s social labour than they have contributed. Capital movements across borders together with strong restrictions on the movement of people result in net exporters of capital exploiting (or benefitting from unequal exchange at the expense of) net capital importers. Under perfect competition, mutual benefits from free trade in goods and capital can coexist alongside unequal flows of revenue and labour in the world economy. Market imperfections and the open use of coercion are not necessary for international exploitation to emerge. However, they may be central for it to persist over time.