A balancing act between primate lentiviruses and their receptor.
A balancing act between primate lentiviruses and their receptor.
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灵长类慢病毒及其受体之间的平衡作用。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2104741118
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Malik,HarmitS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohainle,Molly;Malik,HarmitS
灵长类慢病毒（包括HIV-1）的受体是在骨髓和T辅助细胞上发现的CD 4糖蛋白。CD 4还通过协调T细胞受体和主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）蛋白之间的相互作用，在介导适应性免疫应答和免疫细胞分化中发挥关键作用（1）。这建立了一个复杂的进化挑战，因为CD 4进化以逃避致病性慢病毒（2），同时保持其在免疫中的基本功能。在PNAS中，Russell et al. (3)揭示了这场冲突的另一面他们发现，在数百万年的时间里，多个灵长类动物物种一直保持着不同的CD 4等位基因的表达，这些等位基因在介导不同慢病毒进入的能力方面具有不同的功能。这些发现突出了致病病毒在塑造灵长类动物基因组方面的古老和持续影响。
The receptor for primate lentiviruses, including HIV-1, is the CD4 glycoprotein found on myeloid and T helper cells. CD4 also plays a critical role in mediating adaptive immune responses and in immune cell differentiation by coordinating interactions between T cell receptors and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins (1). This sets up a complex evolutionary challenge as CD4 evolves to escape from pathogenic lentiviruses (2) while maintaining its essential functions in immunity. In PNAS, Russell et al.(3) reveal an added facet of this conflict. They discover that multiple primate species have maintained expression of divergent CD4 alleles, which are functionally distinct in their ability to mediate entry by different lentiviruses, over millions of years. The findings highlight the ancient and ongoing impact of pathogenic viruses in shaping primate genomes.