Executive function and processing resources as predictors of adult age differences in the implementation of encoding strategies
Executive function and processing resources as predictors of adult age differences in the implementation of encoding strategies
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DOI：
10.1076/1382-5585(199912)06:04;1-b;ft273
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发表时间：
1999-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Pointer, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bryan, J;Luszcz, MA;Pointer, S
本研究探讨了成年人在不同编码条件下的词汇回忆的年龄差异：联想（故事生成），排练，和控制条件。执行功能和认知处理资源（速度和工作记忆）作为这些年龄差异的介质进行了研究。年轻人（17-48岁）和老年人（65-88岁）完成了一系列执行功能，信息处理速度，工作记忆和回忆的测试。对于那些只使用复杂联想编码策略的人来说，回忆的年龄差异是明显的。对于那些使用关联策略，检查编码策略协议揭示了年龄差异的整合的话，这也与随后的回忆性能。整合和回忆之间的联系是由执行功能和工作记忆来解释的，而不是由处理速度来解释的。速度占回忆的年龄差异，但其贡献回忆在很大程度上是独立的整合编码过程中的影响。
This research examined adult age differences in recall of word lists under different encoding conditions: association (story generation), rehearsal, and a control condition. Executive function and cognitive processing resources (speed and working memory) were investigated as mediators of these age differences. Younger (aged 17-48 years) and older (aged 65-88 years) adults completed a battery of tests of executive function, speed of information processing, working memory, and recall. Age differences in recall were evident for those who used the complex association encoding strategy only. For those using the association strategy, an examination of encoding strategy protocols revealed age differences in the integration of words, which were also related to subsequent recall performance. The association between integration and recall was accounted for by executive function and working memory, but not by speed of processing. Speed accounted for age differences in recall but its contribution to recall was largely independent from that of the impact of integration during encoding.