DIRECTIONALITY OF THE DRUMMING DISPLAY OF THE RUFFED GROUSE
DIRECTIONALITY OF THE DRUMMING DISPLAY OF THE RUFFED GROUSE
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DOI：
10.1525/cond.2012.110158
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Iwaniuk, Andrew N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcia, Maxime;Charrier, Isabelle;Iwaniuk, Andrew N.
方向性是鸟类发声的一个重要特征，它可以帮助我们了解发声的功能和传播。尽管最近对鸟类产生的非有声声音信号感兴趣，但对这些声音的方向性知之甚少。在这里，我们研究的方向性的鼓点显示的男性皱松鸡（Bonasa umbellus），一个非声乐的声学信号，用于配偶吸引力和领土防御。我们用低频麦克风记录了男性击鼓，并用声级计从三个方向测量声压级：前（0度），后（180度）和侧（90度）。的声压级显着高于前面和后面的鼓乐男性比两侧，表明鼓乐声辐射主要沿着显示鸟的纵轴。然而，对录音的频谱分析并没有在三个方向上产生一致的频率差异。鼓点显示的声辐射模式与发声的不同之处在于，鸟身后的声压级与鸟前方的声压级一样高。这种方向性可能会影响捕食者和预期接收者对距离的估计，并可能限制能够感知信号的接收器数量。
Directionalityis a key feature of vocalizations in birds and can provide insight into vocalizations' function and propagation. Despite recent interest in birds' production of nonvocal acoustic signals, little is known about the directionality of these sounds. Here, we examine the directionality of the drumming display of male Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus), a nonvocal acoustic signal used in mate attraction and territorial defense. We recorded drumming males with a low-frequency microphone and measured sound-pressure levels with a sound-level meter from three orientations: front (0 degrees), behind (180 degrees), and side (90 degrees). The sound-pressure level was significantly higher in front of and behind a drumming male than on the sides, indicating that the drumming sound radiates primarily along the displaying bird's longitudinal axis. Spectral analyses of the recordings did not, however, yield consistent differences in frequency among the three orientations. The acoustic radiation pattern of the drumming display differs from that of vocalizations in that the sound-pressure levels are just as high behind the bird as they are in front of it. This directionality likely affects estimation of distance by predators and intended receivers as well as potentially limiting the number of receivers able to perceive the signal.