Equity Norms in Global Environmental Governance
Equity Norms in Global Environmental Governance
复制标题
全球环境治理的公平规范
DOI：
10.1162/glep.2008.8.3.25
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
C. Okereke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Okereke
关于国际环境制度中的公正和公平的争论提供了一个突出的证据，表明人们努力建立以广泛认同的责任和问责道德标准为基础的全球环境治理机构。本文以人类共同遗产和共同但有区别的责任这两个关键的公平准则为中心，着重分析了影响全球环境制度中道德责任准则影响力的四个因素：（1）表述的来源和力量;（2）问题领域的性质;（3）国际社会的道德气质;以及（iv）规范与流行的新自由主义经济理念和结构的适应性。在所有这些因素中，最重要的是与现存的新自由主义秩序的适应性的论点，本文质疑的假设，新兴的建构主义学术倾向于过分强调独立的作用，在国际政治中的主体间性的信念。此外，有人认为，全球环境治理机构的持久责任赤字主要是由于新自由主义目的成功地吸收了公平规范。
Contestations over justice and equity in international environmental regimes present striking evidence of the struggle to create institutions for global environmental governance that are based on widely shared ethical standards of responsibility and accountability. Focusing on two key equity normsthe common heritage of mankind (CHM) and common but differentiated responsibility (CDR)this paper highlights four factors that affect the influence of moral responsibility norms in global environmental regimes: (i) source and force of articulation; (ii) nature of issue-area; (iii) moral temper of the international community; and (iv) fitness of norms with the prevailing neoliberal economic idea and structure. Consequent upon the argument that the most important of all these factors is the fitness with the extant neoliberal order, the paper questions the assumptions of the burgeoning constructivist scholarship that tends to overemphasize the independent role of intersubjective beliefs in international politics. Further, it is suggested that the abiding responsibility deficit in institutions for global environmental governance is due mostly to the successful co-optation of equity norms for neoliberal ends.