Subglacial controls on dynamic thinning at Trinity-Wykeham Glacier, Prince of Wales Ice Field, Canadian Arctic

Subglacial controls on dynamic thinning at Trinity-Wykeham Glacier, Prince of Wales Ice Field, Canadian Arctic
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加拿大北极威尔士亲王冰原三一威克姆冰川动态变薄的冰下控制

DOI:
10.1080/01431161.2019.1658238
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Harcourt W
Harcourt W
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harcourt W

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冰川和冰盖造成的物质损失是目前海平面上升的最大陆地部分。然而,我们对控制质量损失的过程将如何应对气候变暖的理解仍然不完整。本研究探讨了表面高程变化(dh/dt),冰川速度变化(du/dt),基岩地形在三一-威克姆冰川系统(TWG),加拿大北极高,使用一系列的卫星和机载数据集之间的关系。我们使用ICESat(2003-2009)和CryoSat-2(2010-2016)重复观测的dh/dt测量结果表明,在TWG最低的10 km处,地表下降速率从4 m yr− 1增加到6 m yr− 1。我们发现,表面流速在两个Trinity冰川和Wykeham冰川增加了一倍,在此期间,冰锋后退4.45公里。TWG变薄,加速和撤退的组合表明,一个动态变薄机制是负责观察到的变化,我们认为,这两个冰川已经从完全接地过渡到部分浮动。此外,通过比较单独的冰川槽,我们认为,动态变化调制的横向摩擦从山谷两侧和复杂的几何形状的床。此外,基岩脊的存在会导致地表出现裂缝,并为地表融水到达河床提供直接联系。我们观察到冰上湖,排水在夏末,并同时减少冰川速度,这表明表面和床之间的水文连接显着影响冰流。因此,基岩地形对过去十年中观测到的冰动力学变化的性质具有主要影响。
Mass loss from glaciers and ice caps represents the largest terrestrial component of current sea level rise. However, our understanding of how the processes governing mass loss will respond to climate warming remains incomplete. This study explores the relationship between surface elevation changes (dh/dt), glacier velocity changes (du/dt), and bedrock topography at the Trinity-Wykeham Glacier system (TWG), Canadian High Arctic, using a range of satellite and airborne datasets. We use measurements of dh/dtfrom ICESat (2003–2009) and CryoSat-2 (2010–2016) repeat observations to show that rates of surface lowering increased from 4 m yr−1to 6 m yr−1across the lowermost 10 km of the TWG. We show that surface flow rates at both Trinity Glacier and Wykeham Glacier doubled over 16 years, during which time the ice front retreated 4.45 km. The combination of thinning, acceleration and retreat of the TWG suggests that a dynamic thinning mechanism is responsible for the observed changes, and we suggest that both glaciers have transitioned from fully grounded to partially floating. Furthermore, by comparing the separate glacier troughs we suggest that the dynamic changes are modulated by both lateral friction from the valley sides and the complex geometry of the bed. Further, the presence of bedrock ridges induces crevassing on the surface and provides a direct link for surface meltwater to reach the bed. We observe supraglacial lakes that drain at the end of summer and are concurrent with a reduction in glacier velocity, suggesting hydrological connections between the surface and the bed significantly impact ice flow. The bedrock topography thus has a primary influence on the nature of the changes in ice dynamics observed over the last decade.
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