Heavy Metal Concentration Survey in Soils and Plants of the Les Malines Mining District (Southern France): Implications for Soil Restoration
Heavy Metal Concentration Survey in Soils and Plants of the Les Malines Mining District (Southern France): Implications for Soil Restoration
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DOI：
10.1007/s11270-010-0547-1
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
van Oort, Folkert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Escarre, Jose;Lefebvre, Claude;van Oort, Folkert
采矿活动产生的废物和废水含有极高的重金属浓度，可能对生态系统和人类健康产生不利影响。因此，需要关于土壤和植物金属浓度的信息，以评估污染的严重程度，并制定土壤恢复战略，如植物修复。在这里，我们研究了法国南部朗格多克地区莱马林斯矿区三个潜在有毒金属和金属(锌、铅、镉、砷、钛)污染严重的地点的土壤和植被。在前一个炉子附近的莱阿维尼、雷斯尾矿盆地(高达16万mg kg(-1)锌、90000 mg kg(-1)铅、9700 mg kg(-1)As和245 mg kg(-1)Tl)等不同地方发现了极高的浓度。金属污染从矿场延伸到几公里外，可能是因为有毒的采矿残留物通过风和水运输。三个矿区的自然植被高度多样化，包括116种植物。植被覆盖还包括在非污染土壤中发现的物种，其中一些已被证明是耐金属生态型(Festuca arvernensis，Koeleria vallesiana和Armeria arenaria)，以及几种锌、镉和Tl超积累植物，如花椒、海桑、中间伊比利亚和宽叶千里光。后者被认为是一种新的Tl超积累者，积累了近1500 mg kg(-1)。这些物种代表了一种遗传利益，因为它们可能用于有毒金属污染地区的植物修复。
Mining activities generate spoils and effluents with extremely high metal concentrations of heavy metals that might have adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. Therefore, information on soil and plant metal concentrations is needed to assess the severity of the pollution and develop a strategy for soil reclamation such as phytoremediation. Here, we studied soils and vegetation in three heavily contaminated sites with potential toxic metals and metalloids (Zn, Pb, Cd, As, TI) in the mining district of Les Malines in the Languedoc region (southern France). Extremely high concentrations were found at different places such as the Les Avini,res tailing basins (up to 160,000 mg kg(-1) Zn, 90,000 mg kg(-1) Pb, 9,700 mg kg(-1) of As and 245 mg kg(-1) of Tl) near a former furnace. Metal contamination extended several kilometres away from the mine sites probably because of the transport of toxic mining residues by wind and water. Spontaneous vegetation growing on the three mine sites was highly diversified and included 116 plant species. The vegetation cover consisted of species also found in non-contaminated soils, some of which have been shown to be metal-tolerant ecotypes (Festuca arvernensis, Koeleria vallesiana and Armeria arenaria) and several Zn, Cd and Tl hyperaccumulators such as Anthyllis vulneraria, Thlaspi caerulescens, Iberis intermedia and Silene latifolia. This latter species was highlighted as a new thallium hyperaccumulator, accumulating nearly 1,500 mg kg(-1). These species represent a patrimonial interest for their potential use for the phytoremediation of toxic metal-polluted areas.