Incidence, risk, and prevention of hamstring muscle injuries in professional rugby union
Incidence, risk, and prevention of hamstring muscle injuries in professional rugby union
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DOI：
10.1177/0363546505286022
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Reddin, Dave B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brooks, John H. M.;Fuller, Colin W.;Reddin, Dave B.
背景：职业橄榄球联盟中腘绳肌损伤的发生率很高，但有关这项运动中危险因素和损伤预防策略的循证信息有限。目的：确定职业橄榄球联盟中腘绳肌损伤的发生率、严重程度和危险因素，并确定使用腘绳肌强化和伸展运动是否可以降低这些损伤的发生率和严重程度。研究设计：队列研究（预防）；证据水平，3.方法：团队临床医生每周报告所有腿筋肌肉损伤，并提供每次损伤的位置、诊断、严重程度和机制的详细信息；训练和比赛中损失的时间被用作受伤的定义。每周记录球员的比赛和训练暴露情况。结果：腿筋肌肉损伤的发生率为每 1000 名球员训练小时 0.27 例，每 1000 名球员比赛小时 5.6 例。受伤平均导致损失 17 天的时间，其中复发性伤害（损失 25 天）的严重程度明显高于新伤（损失 14 天）的严重程度（23%）。第二排前锋在比赛中受伤最少（2.4 次受伤/1000 小时）且最轻（缺席 7 天）。跑步活动占腿筋肌肉损伤的 68%，但踢腿造成的损伤最严重（损失了 36 天）。除了传统的伸展和强化练习外，进行北欧腿筋训练的运动员在训练和比赛中受伤的发生率和严重程度较低。结论：北欧腿筋强化练习可以减少训练和比赛期间腿筋肌肉损伤的发生率和严重程度。
Background: The incidence of hamstring muscle injuries in professional rugby union is high, but evidence-based information on risk factors and injury-prevention strategies in this sport is limited.Purpose: To define the incidence, severity, and risk factors associated with hamstring muscle injuries in professional rugby union and to determine whether the use of hamstring strengthening and stretching exercises reduces the incidence and severity of these injuries.Study Design: Cohort study (prevention); Level of evidence, 3.Methods: Team clinicians reported all hamstring muscle injuries on a weekly basis and provided details of the location, diagnosis, severity, and mechanism of each injury; loss of time from training and match play was used as the definition of an injury. Players' match and training exposures were recorded on a weekly basis.Results: The incidence of hamstring muscle injuries was 0.27 per 1000 player training hours and 5.6 per 1000 player match hours. Injuries, on average, resulted in 17 days of lost time, with recurrent injuries (23%) significantly more severe (25 days lost) than new injuries (14 days lost). Second-row forwards sustained the fewest (2.4 injuries/1000 player hours) and the least severe (7 days lost) match injuries. Running activities accounted for 68% of hamstring muscle injuries, but injuries resulting from kicking were the most severe (36 days lost). Players undertaking Nordic hamstring exercises in addition to conventional stretching and strengthening exercises had lower incidences and severities of injury during training and competition.Conclusion: The Nordic hamstring strengthening exercise may reduce the incidence and severity of hamstring muscle injuries sustained during training and competition.