A comparison of fungal endophytic community diversity in tree leaves of rural and urban temperate forests of Kanto district, eastern Japan
A comparison of fungal endophytic community diversity in tree leaves of rural and urban temperate forests of Kanto district, eastern Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.funbio.2013.01.007
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Fukuda, Kenji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsumura, Emi;Fukuda, Kenji
为了明确森林破碎化和城市化后树种组成变化对内生真菌群落的影响，我们从郊区（千叶县柏和市）和农村（茨城和国山、东京高尾山）森林的9种树种的叶片中分离真菌，并比较了样地和寄主树种之间的真菌群落。采用寄主特异性指数（Si）评价寄主特异性，计算分离种数、总分离频率和多样性指数。在所有地点的所有寄主树种中都发现了从一种到几种寄主特异性物种。柏树林区对黑栎、锯齿栎和长尾柏树的真菌总分离频率和对黑栎、锯齿栎和日本芡实的真菌总分离频率均显著低于农村林区。不同树种间内生真菌群落的相似性指数（非度量多维尺度NMS和C-MH）在柏树城郊森林中较高，这是由于城郊森林中许多树种共享同一种真菌。寄主范围广泛的内生真菌被分为4个群落，表明它们对针叶树/阔叶树和常绿/落叶乔木的偏好。城市化造成的森林破碎化和隔离导致寄主特有真菌种类的减少和内生群落多样性的减少，即城郊森林中与树叶相关的内生群落的退化。英国真菌学学会版权所有，爱思唯尔有限公司出版。版权所有。
To clarify the effects of forest fragmentation and a change in tree species composition following urbanization on endophytic fungal communities, we isolated fungal endophytes from the foliage of nine tree species in suburban (Kashiwa City, Chiba) and rural (Mt. Wagakuni, Ibaraki; Mt. Takao, Tokyo) forests and compared the fungal communities between sites and host tree species. Host specificity was evaluated using the index of host specificity (Si), and the number of isolated species, total isolation frequency, and the diversity index were calculated. From just one to several host-specific species were recognized in all host tree species at all sites. The total isolation frequency of all fungal species on Quercus myrsinaefolia, Quercus serrata, and Chamaecyparis obtusa and the total isolation frequency of host-specific species on Q. myrsinaefolia, Q. serrata, and Eurya japonica were significantly lower in Kashiwa than in the rural forests. The similarity indices (nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) and C-MH) of endophytic communities among different tree species were higher in Kashiwa, as many tree species shared the same fungal species in the suburban forest. Endophytic fungi with a broad host range were grouped into four clusters suggesting their preference for conifer/broadleaves and evergreen/deciduous trees. Forest fragmentation and isolation by urbanization have been shown to cause the decline of host-specific fungal species and a decrease in 3 diversity of endophytic communities, i.e., endophytic communities associated with tree leaves in suburban forests were found to be depauperate. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. All rights reserved.