Design and operation of ventilation in low energy residences – A survey on code requirements and building reality from six European countries and China
Design and operation of ventilation in low energy residences – A survey on code requirements and building reality from six European countries and China
复制标题
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
María del Carmen Bocanegra-Yáñez;G. Rojas;Daria Żukowska-Tejsen;E. Burman;G. Cao;M. Hamon;J. Kolarik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
María del Carmen Bocanegra-Yáñez;G. Rojas;Daria Żukowska-Tejsen;E. Burman;G. Cao;M. Hamon;J. Kolarik
国际能源署附件68“低能耗住宅建筑室内空气质量设计与控制”研究计划的主要目标之一，是为住宅建筑的通风设计和运行提供一般指引。他们需要有最小的能源消耗，同时保持高水平的室内空气质量（IAQ）。该文件报告了一项访谈调查的初步结果，该调查是在附件中涉及的国家中涉及住宅通风设计、安装和操作的不同利益相关者中进行的。有两个主要目标，首先是描述和分析实际要求（国家建筑规范、标准）和当前实践之间的过渡。其次，调查目前在住宅中安装机械通风的障碍和挑战。总共分析了来自6个欧洲国家和中国的37个访谈，当然不足以作为一个具有代表性的样本。然而，结果提供了当前实践的有价值的快照和对潜在障碍的见解。结果表明，带热回收的机械通风正在成为欧洲新建住宅的主要通风系统。然而，也有一些国家，由于传统、国家立法和/或成本原因，采用其他类型的通风，如机械排气或手动窗通风。需求控制通风通常在标准中被允许甚至推荐，但很少在实践中实施，除了法国的湿度控制滴流通风口。热回收机械通风的主要障碍似乎是高昂的资金成本、空间要求和管道路线，以及施工不良、缺乏调试和/或维护造成的问题。
One of the key objectives of the IEA Annex 68 research programme entitled “Indoor Air Quality Design and Control in Low Energy Residential Buildings” is to provide a generic guideline for the design and operation of ventilation in residential buildings. They need to have minimal energy consumption, and at the same time maintain a high level of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). The paper reports on preliminary results of an interview survey conducted among different stakeholders involved in design, installation and operation of residential ventilation in countries involved in the Annex. There were two main objectives, firstly to describe and analyse a transition between actual requirements (national building codes, standards) and current practice. For the second to investigate current barriers and challenges regarding installation of mechanical ventilation in residences. In total, 37 interviews from six European countries and China have been analysed, certainly not enough for a representative sample. However, the results provide a valuable snapshot of current practices and insights into potential barriers. Results show that mechanical ventilation with heat recovery is becoming the dominating ventilation system installed in new residences in Europe. However, there are countries, where, due to tradition, national legislation and/or cost reasons, other types of ventilation like mechanical exhaust or manual window ventilation are applied. Demand Controlled Ventilation is often allowed or even recommended in standards, but rarely implemented in practice, except for humidity controlled trickle vents in France. The main barriers against mechanical ventilation with heat recovery seem to be high capital cost, space requirements and duct routing as well as problems resulting from poor construction, lack of commissioning and/or maintenance.