Evolution of C4 Photosynthesis in the Genus Flaveria: How Many and Which Genes Does It Take to Make C4?
Evolution of C4 Photosynthesis in the Genus Flaveria: How Many and Which Genes Does It Take to Make C4?
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DOI：
10.1105/tpc.111.086264
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Westhoff, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gowik, Udo;Braeutigam, Andrea;Westhoff, Peter
5500万至4000万年前，大气中二氧化碳水平的大幅下降所产生的选择性压力促进了一种新的、高效的光合作用碳同化模式的进化，这种模式被称为C-4光合作用。C-4物种在广泛的植物科中同时进化了多次，这种复杂的C-4性状的多重平行进化表明了一种共同的潜在进化机制，这种机制可能通过相关C-3和C-4物种的比较分析来阐明。在此，我们利用mRNA-Seq分析了黄草属的5个物种，范围从C-3到C-3-C-4中间到C-4种，量化了具有不同程度C-4相关特征的密切相关植物物种的转录组差异。单基因分析更精确地定义了C-4循环酶和转运体，为未知功能提供了新的候选物，并确定了C-4相关途径。在建立基于C-4循环的CO2泵之前，提供了光呼吸CO2泵的分子证据。聚类分析确定黄顶菊成熟叶片中c -4相关基因表达变化的上限为3582。
Selective pressure exerted by a massive decline in atmospheric CO2 levels 55 to 40 million years ago promoted the evolution of a novel, highly efficient mode of photosynthetic carbon assimilation known as C-4 photosynthesis. C-4 species have concurrently evolved multiple times in a broad range of plant families, and this multiple and parallel evolution of the complex C-4 trait indicates a common underlying evolutionary mechanism that might be elucidated by comparative analyses of related C-3 and C-4 species. Here, we use mRNA-Seq analysis of five species within the genus Flaveria, ranging from C-3 to C-3-C-4 intermediate to C-4 species, to quantify the differences in the transcriptomes of closely related plant species with varying degrees of C-4-associated characteristics. Single gene analysis defines the C-4 cycle enzymes and transporters more precisely and provides new candidates for yet unknown functions as well as identifies C-4 associated pathways. Molecular evidence for a photorespiratory CO2 pump prior to the establishment of the C-4 cycle-based CO2 pump is provided. Cluster analysis defines the upper limit of C-4-related gene expression changes in mature leaves of Flaveria as 3582 alterations.