Tree-piping termites and growth and survival of host trees in savanna woodland of north Australia
Tree-piping termites and growth and survival of host trees in savanna woodland of north Australia
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澳大利亚北部稀树草原林地的树管白蚁与寄主树的生长和生存
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
L. Prior
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Werner;L. Prior
在澳大利亚的热带稀树大草原上，大多数树木都有空心或管道，这是由白蚁活动引起的，但人们对它们对树木生长或生存的影响知之甚少。在澳大利亚北部卡卡杜国家公园的森林稀树草原上，对541棵已知生长和存活历史的树木进行了取样，以确定管道直径。采用广义线性模型和多模型推理方法，分析了管涌发生频率和管涌程度与原始胸径、生态分类群和树种的关系。生长（胸径增量）和生存（4年）进行了分析相对于初始树的大小，管道比（管道直径：胸径）和生态分类组。管涌发生频率与胸径有很强的相关性，随树体大小而增加，尤以桉树管涌发生频率最高。桉树的生长量和存活率随树径的增大而增大，随管长比的增大而减小。例如，从模拟数据来看，直径为10厘米的树木没有管道，生长0.14厘米y-1，存活率为85%，而直径为10厘米的树木管道比为0.60，生长几乎为零，存活率仅为46%。比较直径为40厘米的树木，没有管道的那些管道比为0.80，增长为0.22对0.05厘米y-1，存活率差异不大，分别为97- 99%。相反的建议，树空洞是一种适应性特征，树木受益于营养物质的释放，在澳大利亚北部的euclut稀树草原上的白蚁管道个别树木的生长和生存的净效应是负面的。
Most trees in the eucalypt savannas of Australia have hollow cores, or pipes, caused by termite activity, yet little is known about their effect on tree growth or survival. Five hundred and forty-one trees with known growth and survival histories were cored to determine pipe diameters in wooded savanna of Kakadu National Park, north Australia. Generalized linear modelling and multi-model inference was used to analyse frequency and degree of piping relative to initial tree diameter at breast height (dbh), eco-taxonomic group or species of eucalypt. Growth (dbh increment) and survival (4 y) were analysed relative to initial tree size, pipe ratio (pipe diameter:dbh) and eco-taxonomic group. The frequency of piping was strongly dependent on dbh, increasing with size of tree, and was highest in eucalypts. Growth and survival of eucalypts increased with tree diameter and decreased with pipe ratio. For example, from modelled data, 10-cm-diameter trees without pipes grew 0.14 cm y−1 with 85% survival vs. 10-cm trees with pipe ratios of 0.60 which had near-zero growth and only 46% survival. Comparing 40-cm-diameter trees without pipes to those having pipe ratios of 0.80, growth was 0.22 vs. 0.05 cm y−1, with little difference in survival, 97–99%, respectively. Contrary to the suggestion that tree hollows are an adaptive trait whereby trees benefit by the release of nutrients, in the north Australian eucalypt savannas the net effect of termite piping on individual tree growth and survival was negative.