Real Data Evaluation of a Crowd Supervising System for Stadium Evacuation and Its Hardware Implementation
Real Data Evaluation of a Crowd Supervising System for Stadium Evacuation and Its Hardware Implementation
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DOI：
10.1109/jsyst.2014.2370455
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Sirakoulis, Georgios Ch.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsiftsis, Anastasios;Georgoudas, Ioakeim G.;Sirakoulis, Georgios Ch.
本文的目的是开发一个集成电子系统，允许动态管理拥堵并提供动态环境的快速评估。因此，提出了一种基于细胞自动机的模型来估计个体的运动。所提出的系统包含一个允许基于相机的模型高效初始化的过程，而无需任何特殊的先决条件。该模型的效率已得到彻底验证。具体来说，将模拟得出的图表描述了人流和速度与人群密度的关系，并将其与文献中的相应图表进行了比较。此外，该系统已使用真实数据进行了评估。特别是，模拟结果与描述足球场人群疏散过程的真实视频记录进行了比较。结果证明，所提出的管理系统可以估计人们在不久的将来可能的快速路线，评估所有可能的出口替代方案。最后，所提出的模型已在具有现场可编程门阵列的硬件中实现，使其能够合并到集成电子系统中，该系统几乎实时地估计人群移动并防止出口拥堵。与其类似的图形处理单元实现相比，所提出的电子系统在易于合并、便携性以及性能方面具有优势。
The aim of this paper is to develop an integrated electronic system that allows the dynamical management of congestion and provides the fast evaluation of dynamical circumstances. Thus, a cellular-automata-based model is proposed that estimates the movement of individuals. The presented system incorporates a process that allows the efficient camera-based initialization of the model, without any special prerequirements. The efficiency of the model has been thoroughly validated. Specifically, simulation-derived diagrams that depict the relationship of flow and speed of people as a function of crowd density have been compared with corresponding diagrams from the literature. Furthermore, the system has been evaluated with the use of real data. In particular, simulation results have been compared with real video recordings that depict the crowd evacuation process from a football stadium. Results prove that the proposed management system can estimate fast possible routes of people for the very near future, evaluating all possible exit alternatives. Finally, the proposed model has been implemented in hardware with a field-programmable gate array, enabling its incorporation into an integrated electronic system that estimates crowd movement and prevents congestion in exits almost in real time. The proposed electronic system is advantageous in terms of easy incorporation and portability as well as performance when compared with its analogous graphical-processing-unit implementation.