An institutional analysis of EPD programs and a global PCR registry
An institutional analysis of EPD programs and a global PCR registry
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对 EPD 计划和全球 PCR 登记的机构分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
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通讯作者：
L. Breuer
中科院分区：
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作者：
Einar Aalen Hunsager;M. Bach;L. Breuer
目的产品类别规则（PCR）文件规定了产品类别环境影响的量化方法和沟通格式。为确保定量环境信息的中立性和可信性，ISO 14025中定义了PCR文件的编制。因此，这些规则是信息实体和环境产品声明（EPD）的比较考虑和模块化应用的先决条件。然而，随着越来越多的EPD计划，生产者，购买者和消费者感到越来越疏远的EPD所提供的环境信息的有效性和合法性。这导致需要增强PCR开发的透明度和EPD程序兼容性。本文提供了导航援助，在这方面。MethodsTo确定协调的潜力，我们比较PCR发展两个方面：定量映射现有的PCR和环保署的文件，定性比较现有的制度结构与规范性指导。通过互联网搜索和通过直接通信程序operators.Results和discussionWe收集的信息确定了27个程序，556 PCR文件，和3614环保署声明（2013年5月）。方案和部门之间的活动水平有显着差异。此外，体制结构差异很大，彼此和PCR development.ConclusionsThis第一个全球PCR注册指导从业人员在PCR文件的搜索规范性指导。对PCR开发和EPD验证的计划制度结构的分析表明不同利益相关者参与了III型环境声明。关于PCR兼容性以及欧盟委员会和PCR指南制定倡议新发布的指导文件，我们建议运营商（1）确定一个共同的（部门）分类系统，（2）实施利益相关者识别系统，（3）考虑消费者和环境利益强制参与PCR审查小组，（4）要求PCR审查人员声明潜在的利益冲突，以及（5）考虑为任何外部使用的声明安装强制性第三方验证。
PurposeA Product Category Rules (PCR) document specifies the quantification method and communication format of environmental impacts of a product category. To ensure neutrality and credibility of quantitative environmental information, the development of PCR documents is defined in ISO 14025. Hence, the rules are preconditions for comparative considerations and modular application of information entities and Environmental Product Declarations (EPD). However, with the growing number of EPD programs, the producers, purchasers, and consumers feel increasingly alienated in relation to the validity and legitimacy of the environmental information presented by EPDs. This results in a need for enhanced transparency of PCR development and EPD program compatibility. This article offers navigational assistance in this respect.MethodsTo identify harmonization potential, we compare PCR development regarding two aspects: quantitatively by mapping existing PCR and EPD documents, and qualitatively by comparing existing institutional structures with normative guidance. Information was gathered through an internet search and through direct correspondence with program operators.Results and discussionWe identified 27 programs, 556 PCR documents, and 3614 EPD declarations (May 2013). There were significant differences in activity level between programs and sectors. Furthermore, the institutional structures differ widely from each other and from normative guidance on PCR development.ConclusionsThis first global PCR register guides practitioners in the search for PCR documents. The analysis of program institutional structures for PCR development and EPD verification indicates the involvement of different stakeholders on Type III environmental declarations. Regarding PCR compatibility and newly released guidance documents from the European Commission and the PCR Guidance Development Initiative, we recommend that operators (1) settle on a common (sector) categorization system, (2) implement a Stakeholder Identification Worksheet, (3) consider the mandatory involvement of consumer and environmental interests in the PCR review panel, (4) require PCR reviewers to declare potential conflicts of interest, and (5) consider installing mandatory third party verification of declarations for any external use.