The Social Context Network Model in Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases
The Social Context Network Model in Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases
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DOI：
10.1007/7854_2016_443
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ibanez, Agustin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baez, Sandra;Garcia, Adolfo M.;Ibanez, Agustin
语境调节在基本感觉和认知过程中的作用已被广泛研究。然而，人们对它们对社会认知的影响知之甚少，更不用说它们对危害这一领域的疾病的破坏了。在这一章中，我们将充实社会背景网络模型(SCNM)，这是一项旨在解决这一问题的神经科学建议。在SCNM术语中，社会语境效应依赖于一个额-时-岛网络，该网络负责(A)更新语境线索以进行预测，(B)巩固语境-目标联想学习，以及(C)协调内外环境。首先，我们将各种社会认知域描述为语境依赖现象。然后，我们回顾了行为变异额颞叶痴呆(BvFTD)和自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)中社会背景障碍的行为和神经证据，强调了它们与关键的SCNM中枢的关系。接下来，我们展示了其他精神和神经疾病涉及到在模型中包括的大脑区域受损后的上下文处理障碍。最后，我们呼吁用一种生态的方法来评估社会认知，超越普遍存在的抽象和去上下文的方法。
The role of contextual modulations has been extensively studied in basic sensory and cognitive processes. However, little is known about their impact on social cognition, let alone their disruption in disorders compromising such a domain. In this chapter, we flesh out the social context network model (SCNM), a neuroscientific proposal devised to address the issue. In SCNM terms, social context effects rely on a fronto-temporo-insular network in charge of (a) updating context cues to make predictions, (b) consolidating context-target associative learning, and (c) coordinating internal and external milieus. First, we characterize various social cognition domains as context-dependent phenomena. Then, we review behavioral and neural evidence of social context impairments in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), highlighting their relation with key SCNM hubs. Next, we show that other psychiatric and neurological conditions involve context-processing impairments following damage to the brain regions included in the model. Finally, we call for an ecological approach to social cognition assessment, moving beyond widespread abstract and decontextualized methods.