Formative Period Social Change in the Lower Rio Verde Valley, Oaxaca, Mexico
Formative Period Social Change in the Lower Rio Verde Valley, Oaxaca, Mexico
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墨西哥瓦哈卡州下里奥维德河谷形成时期的社会变迁
DOI：
10.2307/972274
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Arthur A. Joyce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arthur A. Joyce
本文报道了 1988 年 Río Verde 形成项目在墨西哥瓦哈卡州 Río Verde 河谷下游进行的考古和地貌研究。研究表明，该地区在公元前 500 年之前人口稀少。然而，在晚期/最终形成期间（公元前 400 年至公元 250 年），调查数据表明，里奥维德河谷下游经历了相当大的人口增长。对拉克鲁斯山和里奥维耶霍遗址的发掘提供了证据，表明在形成晚期出现了地位不平等，最终导致了古典时期（公元 250-900 年）复杂社会组织的兴起。对于该地区似乎较晚出现具有复杂社会组织的大量人口，提出了两种初步解释。这些解释分别侧重于环境变化和区域间社会互动。还讨论了沿海栖息地开发的证据，因为海洋和河口资源的利用可能会改变社会变革的两种解释的含义。
This article reports on archaeological and geomorphological research carried out by the 1988 Río Verde Formative Project in the lower Río Verde Valley, Oaxaca, Mexico. The research suggests that the region was only sparsely inhabited prior to 500 B. C. During the Late/Terminal Formative (400 B. C.-A. D. 250), however, survey data suggest that the lower Río Verde Valley experienced considerable population growth. Excavations at the sites of Cerro de la Cruz and Río Viejo yielded evidence for emerging status inequalities during the Late Formative leading eventually to the rise of complex social organization by the Classic period (A. D. 250-900). Two preliminary explanations are offered for the seemingly late occurrence of large populations with complex social organization in the region. The explanations focus on environmental change and interregional social interaction, respectively. Evidence for the exploitation of coastal habitats is also discussed, since the use of marine and estuarine resources could alter the implications of both explanations of societal change.