Observations of bromine explosions in smog chamber experiments above a model salt pan

Observations of bromine explosions in smog chamber experiments above a model salt pan
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模型盐盘上方烟雾室实验中溴爆炸的观察

DOI:
10.1002/kin.20714
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
C. Zetzsch
C. Zetzsch
中科院分区:
化学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Buxmann;N. Balzer;S. Bleicher;U. Platt;C. Zetzsch

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活性卤素 (RHS),例如 Cl、Br 或 BrO,可对对流层的化学过程产生重大影响,包括破坏臭氧、改变 OH 和 HO2 的化学平衡以及增加有毒化合物(如汞)的沉积,从而对全球气候产生潜在影响。先前的研究表明,盐湖可以提供气态 RHS 的重要来源。环境条件,例如盐成分、相对湿度 (RH)、pH 值和温度 (T),可能对活性溴水平有很大影响。在我们的实验室实验中,将按重量计含有 0.33% NaBr 的 NaCl 盐暴露在聚四氟乙烯烟雾室中的模拟阳光下,在各种相对湿度和臭氧浓度条件下。 BrO 水平通过差示光学吸收光谱仪结合多重反射池(白池)进行观察。 OH和Cl自由基的浓度通过自由基时钟法进行定量。我们首次在模拟盐盘上方的实验室中直接观察到“溴爆炸”(从盐表面自动催化释放反应性溴——破坏臭氧层的关键)中的 BrO。观察到 60% RH 时的最大 BrO 混合比为 6419 ± 71 ppt,比 37% RH 和 2% RH 时高一个数量级。 RHS 从盐盘中的释放可能受到覆盖卤化物晶体反应表面的准液体层厚度的控制,因为该层厚度很大程度上取决于 RH。 © 2012 Wiley periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 312–326, 2012
Reactive halogen species (RHS), such as Cl, Br, or BrO, can have significant influence on chemical processes in the troposphere, including the destruction of ozone, change in the chemical balance of OH and HO2, and increased deposition of toxic compounds (like mercury), with potential consequences for the global climate. Previous studies have shown that salt lakes can provide a significant source for gaseous RHS. Environmental conditions, such as salt composition, relative humidity (RH), pH, and temperature (T), might have a strong influence on reactive bromine levels. In our laboratory experiments, NaCl salt containing 0.33% NaBr by weight was exposed to simulated sunlight in a Teflon smog chamber under various conditions of RH and ozone concentrations. BrO levels were observed by a differential optical absorption spectrometer in combination with a multireflection cell (White cell). The concentrations of OH and Cl radicals were quantified by the radical clock method. We present the first direct observation of BrO from the “bromine explosion” (autocatalytic release of reactive bromine from salt surfaces—key to ozone destruction) in the laboratory above a simulated salt pan. The maximum BrO mixing ratio of 6419 ± 71 ppt at 60% RH was observed to be one order of magnitude higher than at 37% RH and 2% RH. The release of RHS from the salt pan is possibly controlled by the thickness of the quasi‐liquid layer, covering the reactive surface of the halide crystals, as the layer thickness strongly depends on RH. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 312–326, 2012
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发表时间: 2008-08
影响因子: 6.3
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发表时间: 1995
影响因子: 3.4
作者:
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