Aerosol layers from the 2008 eruptions of Mount Okmok and Mount Kasatochi: In situ upper troposphere and lower stratosphere measurements of sulfate and organics over Europe
Aerosol layers from the 2008 eruptions of Mount Okmok and Mount Kasatochi: In situ upper troposphere and lower stratosphere measurements of sulfate and organics over Europe
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2008 年奥克莫克山和笠内山喷发产生的气溶胶层：欧洲上空对流层上层和平流层下层硫酸盐和有机物的现场测量
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Borrmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Schmale;J. Schneider;T. Jurkat;C. Voigt;H. Kalesse;M. Rautenhaus;M. Lichtenstern;H. Schlager;G. Ancellet;F. Arnold;M. Gerding;I. Mattis;M. Wendisch;S. Borrmann
2008年，阿留申群岛的Okmok山和Kasatochi山分别于7月12日和8月7日开始喷发，向大气中排放了高达15.2公里的微量气体和气溶胶。在2008年10月/ 11月在欧洲上空进行的一次飞机活动中，用Aerodyne气溶胶质谱仪（AMS）测量了火山气溶胶，该质谱仪能够测量粒径范围在40纳米至1微米之间的颗粒化学成分。在火山气溶胶层中，在8至12 km高度观测到亚微米颗粒硫酸盐浓度升高，达到2.0µg m-3标准温度和压力（STP），而背景值不超过0.5µg m-3 （STP）。21%的火山气溶胶由碳质物质组成，与自由对流层相比，其质量增加了1.9倍。离子阱化学电离质谱仪（IT-CIMS）测量的二氧化硫气体浓度高达1.3µg m-3。机载辐射测量系统同时探测到一个增强的气溶胶信号。此外，两个德国激光雷达站在战役前后分别发现了一个气雾层。资料分析表明，气溶胶层主要分布在平流层最下层。硫酸盐颗粒浓度与二氧化硫混合比的相关性表明，在平流层停留3个月后，并非所有二氧化硫都转化为硫酸盐气溶胶。有机物质的显著比例可能对平流层中的非均相化学有影响，这需要更彻底地探索
In 2008 Mt. Okmok and Mt. Kasatochi started erupting on 12 July and 7 August, respectively, in the Aleutians, depositing emissions of trace gases and aerosols as high as 15.2 km into the atmosphere. During an aircraft campaign, conducted over Europe in October/November 2008, the volcanic aerosol was measured by an Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS), capable of particle chemical composition measurements covering a size diameter range between 40 nm and 1 µm. In the volcanic aerosol layer enhanced submicron particulate sulfate concentrations of up to 2.0 µg m-3 standard temperature and pressure (STP) were observed between 8 and 12 km altitude while background values did not exceed 0.5 µg m-3 (STP). 21 % of the volcanic aerosol consisted of carbonaceous material that increased by a factor of 1.9 in mass compared to the free troposphere. Enhanced gaseous sulfur dioxide concentrations measured by an ion trap chemical ionization mass spectrometer (IT-CIMS) of up to 1.3 µg m-3 were encountered. An onboard radiation measurement system simultaneously detected an enhanced aerosol signal. Furthermore, two German lidar stations identified an aerosol layer before and after the campaign. Data analysis shows that the aerosol layer was observed mainly in the lowermost stratosphere. Correlation of particulate sulfate concentration and sulfur dioxide mixing ratios indicate that after 3 month residence time in the stratosphere not all sulfur dioxide has been converted into sulfate aerosol. The significant fraction of organic material might have implications on heterogeneous chemistry in the stratosphere which need to be explored more thoroughly
年轻尾迹的现场观测——音乐会活动的概述和选定结果
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
U. Schumann;T. Jurkat;D. Schäuble;H. Schlager;A. Petzold;J.- F. Gayet;M. Krämer;J. Schneider;S. Borrmann;J. Schmale;P. Jessberger;T. Hamburger;M. Lichtenstern;M. Scheibe;C. Gourbeyre;J. Meyer;M. Kübbeler;W. Frey;H. Kalesse
通讯作者：
H. Kalesse