Determination of the seasonal mass balance of four Alpine glaciers since 1865
Determination of the seasonal mass balance of four Alpine glaciers since 1865
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DOI：
10.1029/2007jf000803
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发表时间：
2008-03
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Huss;A. Bauder;M. Funk;R. Hock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Huss;A. Bauder;M. Funk;R. Hock
高山冰川在上个世纪遭受了巨大的冰损失。我们计算了1865年至2006年瑞士阿尔卑斯山脉（Grosser Aletschgletscher、Rhonegletscher、Griesgletscher和silverrettagletscher）四个冰川的季节质量平衡的空间分布。质量平衡模式是由从各种长期数据序列中编制的逐日气温和降水数据所强迫的。该模型使用5至9个高分辨率数字高程模型的冰体积变化、年流量数据和新编制的4000多个不同亚期的原位质量平衡测量数据集进行校准。142年期间的累积质量平衡在-35和-97 m之间变化，显示出相当大的质量损失。冬季结余没有明显的趋势，而夏季结余则有较大的波动。20世纪40年代的质量损失率高于过去十年。我们的方法将不同类型的野外数据与质量平衡模型相结合，将年代际尺度冰体积变化观测结果分解为季节和空间分布的质量平衡序列。这些结果有助于更好地了解上个世纪阿尔卑斯冰川的气候强迫。
Alpine glaciers have suffered major losses of ice in the last century. We compute spatially distributed seasonal mass balances of four glaciers in the Swiss Alps (Grosser Aletschgletscher, Rhonegletscher, Griesgletscher and Silvrettagletscher) for the period 1865 to 2006. The mass balance model is forced by daily air temperature and precipitation data compiled from various long-term data series. The model is calibrated using ice volume changes derived from five to nine high-resolution digital elevation models, annual discharge data and a newly compiled data set of more than 4000 in situ measurements of mass balance covering different subperiods. The cumulative mass balances over the 142 year period vary between -35 and -97 m revealing a considerable mass loss. There is no significant trend in winter balances, whereas summer balances display important fluctuations. The rate of mass loss in the 1940s was higher than in the last decade. Our approach combines different types of field data with mass balance modeling to resolve decadal scale ice volume change observations to seasonal and spatially distributed mass balance series. The results contribute to a better understanding of the climatic forcing on Alpine glaciers in the last century.