THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL IMAGES OF SUBSTANCE USERS IN CHILDREN: A GUTTMAN UNIDIMENSIONAL SCALING APPROACH.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL IMAGES OF SUBSTANCE USERS IN CHILDREN: A GUTTMAN UNIDIMENSIONAL SCALING APPROACH.
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DOI：
10.1080/14659890500419774
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Peterson, Missy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andrews, Judy A;Peterson, Missy
目的：本研究的目的是使用Guttman单维尺度法研究1(1)至8年级儿童中香烟、酒精和大麻使用者的社会形象或原型的发展。参与者：参与者是1075名完成了四年年度评估的1(1)至5(5)年级儿童。研究发现：Guttman量表由三个连续原型组成，(a)受欢迎，(b)受欢迎和令人兴奋，(c)受欢迎，令人兴奋和酷，在二年级到八年级的所有三种物质的可接受范围内，表明这些原型是可缩放的，代表了一个维度。在五年级之后，原型变得更加积极，并且因性别而异。原型受年龄和性别的影响，与未来使用药物的意图有关。讨论：研究结果表明，儿童物质使用者的原型是单向度的，并且对所有三种物质都是累积的，并且它们是顺序发展的。二至八年级儿童原型与意向的关系支持计划行为理论和原型/意愿模型，但建议考虑年龄和性别因素。结论：2(d)年级儿童就能可靠地对使用物质的儿童的属性做出有效判断。本研究结果具有理论和实践意义。
AIMS: The purpose of this paper was to examine the development of social images or prototypes of cigarette, alcohol and marijuana users among children in the 1(st) through 8th grade using a Guttman unidimensional scaling approach. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 1075 1(st) through 5(th) grade children who completed annual assessments for four years. FINDINGS: The properties of a Guttman scale consisting of three sequential prototypes, (a) popular, (b) popular and exciting, and (c) popular, exciting and cool, were within acceptable limits for all three substances for 2nd through 8th graders, suggesting that these prototypes were scaleable and represented a single dimension. Prototypes became more positive after the 5th grade and varied by gender. Prototypes, moderated by age and gender, were related to intention to use substances in the future. DISCUSSION: Findings suggest that children's prototypes of substance users are unidimensional and cumulative for all three substances and that they develop sequentially. The relation of prototypes to intention among children in the 2(nd) through the 8(th) grade support the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Prototype/Willingness model, but suggest incorporating age and gender. CONCLUSIONS: Children as young as 2(nd) grade can reliably make valid judgments about attributes of kids who use substances. Results of this study have both theoretical and practical implications.