Energy Use and Emissions from Marine Vessels: A Total Fuel Life Cycle Approach
Energy Use and Emissions from Marine Vessels: A Total Fuel Life Cycle Approach
复制标题
船舶能源使用和排放：燃料全生命周期方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Patrick E. Meyer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Winebrake;J. Corbett;Patrick E. Meyer
海洋运输造成的区域和全球空气污染日益受到关注。在辨别这种污染的来源时，研究人员对追踪这些排放物在整个燃料生命周期的沿着发生的位置感兴趣。此外，在船舶中引入替代燃料的新努力引发了人们对此类燃料的能源使用和环境影响的质疑。为了解决这些问题，本文提出了海洋系统总能量和排放分析（TEAMS）模型。TEAMS可用于分析船舶的总燃料生命周期排放和能源使用。TEAMS捕获“从油井到船体”的排放，即整个燃料路径沿着的排放，包括提取、加工、分配和船舶使用。TEAMS对六种燃料途径进行分析：（1）石油到渣油，（2）石油到常规柴油，（3）石油到低硫柴油，（4）天然气到压缩天然气，（5）天然气到费托柴油，（6）大豆到生物柴油。TEAMS计算三种温室气体（二氧化碳、一氧化二氮和甲烷）和五种标准污染物（挥发性有机化合物、一氧化碳、氮氧化物、空气动力学直径小于等于10 μm的颗粒物和硫氧化物）的燃料循环总排放量。TEAMS还计算与其六个燃料循环中的每一个相关的总能源消耗、化石燃料消耗和石油消耗。TEAMS可用于研究各种用户自定义船舶的排放。本文介绍了TEAMS，并提供了使用替代燃料的三个案例研究：客运渡轮，油轮和集装箱船的建模结果。
Abstract Regional and global air pollution from marine transportation is a growing concern. In discerning the sources of such pollution, researchers have become interested in tracking where along the total fuel life cycle these emissions occur. In addition, new efforts to introduce alternative fuels in marine vessels have raised questions about the energy use and environmental impacts of such fuels. To address these issues, this paper presents the Total Energy & Emissions Analysis for Marine Systems (TEAMS) model. TEAMS can be used to analyze total fuel life cycle emissions and energy use from marine vessels. TEAMS captures “well-to-hull” emissions, that is, emissions along the entire fuel pathway, including extraction, processing, distribution, and use in vessels. TEAMS conducts analyses for six fuel pathways: (1) petroleum to residual oil, (2) petroleum to conventional diesel, (3) petroleum to low-sulfur diesel, (4) natural gas to compressed natural gas, (5) natural gas to Fischer-Tropsch diesel, and (6) soybeans to biodiesel. TEAMS calculates total fuel-cycle emissions of three greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane) and five criteria pollutants (volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of 10 μm or less, and sulfur oxides). TEAMS also calculates total energy consumption, fossil fuel consumption, and petroleum consumption associated with each of its six fuel cycles. TEAMS can be used to study emissions from a variety of user-defined vessels. This paper presents TEAMS and provides example modeling results for three case studies using alternative fuels: a passenger ferry, a tanker vessel, and a container ship.