Collagen IV and basement membrane at the evolutionary dawn of metazoan tissues
Collagen IV and basement membrane at the evolutionary dawn of metazoan tissues
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.24176
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发表时间：
2017-04-18
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Hudson, Billy G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fidler, Aaron L.;Darris, Carl E.;Hudson, Billy G.
细胞微环境在后生动物组织发生中的作用仍然不清楚。Ctenophora最近成为现存最早分支的动物门之一，为探索细胞微环境在组织发生中的进化作用提供了独特的机会。在这里，我们的特点是细胞外基质（ECM），重点是IV型胶原蛋白及其变体，海绵短链胶原蛋白，非双侧动物门。我们确定了基底膜（BM）和胶原蛋白IV在栉水母，并表明，胶原蛋白IV的结构和基因组特征是同源的非两侧动物门和两侧。然而，栉水母的特征更加多样和独特，表达多达20个基因，而脊椎动物只有6个。此外，IV型胶原在单细胞姐妹群中不存在。总的来说，我们得出结论，IV型胶原蛋白及其变体，海绵蛋白，是原始的细胞外微环境的组成部分，并作为BM的一个组成部分，IV型胶原蛋白使组装的一个基本的建筑单位多细胞组织发生。
The role of the cellular microenvironment in enabling metazoan tissue genesis remains obscure. Ctenophora has recently emerged as one of the earliest-branching extant animal phyla, providing a unique opportunity to explore the evolutionary role of the cellular microenvironment in tissue genesis. Here, we characterized the extracellular matrix (ECM), with a focus on collagen IV and its variant, spongin short-chain collagens, of non-bilaterian animal phyla. We identified basement membrane (BM) and collagen IV in Ctenophora, and show that the structural and genomic features of collagen IV are homologous to those of non-bilaterian animal phyla and Bilateria. Yet, ctenophore features are more diverse and distinct, expressing up to twenty genes compared to six in vertebrates. Moreover, collagen IV is absent in unicellular sister-groups. Collectively, we conclude that collagen IV and its variant, spongin, are primordial components of the extracellular microenvironment, and as a component of BM, collagen IV enabled the assembly of a fundamental architectural unit for multicellular tissue genesis.