Characterization of Influenza A Outbreaks in Minnesota Swine Herds and Measures Taken to Reduce the Risk of Zoonotic Transmission
Characterization of Influenza A Outbreaks in Minnesota Swine Herds and Measures Taken to Reduce the Risk of Zoonotic Transmission
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1863-2378.2011.01423.x
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Gramer, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beaudoin, A.;Johnson, S.;Gramer, M.
甲型流感病毒感染通常会导致猪的呼吸道疾病，并可在人与猪之间传播，可能会将新菌株引入猪群并重新传播到人群中。本研究的目的是描述明尼苏达州猪流感感染的特征，并评估养猪工人使用的生物安全措施。2007年10月至2009年4月期间，对向明尼苏达大学兽医诊断实验室提交流感阳性猪样本的兽医进行了调查，了解每个农场的疾病相关信息和生物安全程序。流感阳性样本全年提交，春季和秋季达到高峰。H1N1是最常见的亚型（56%），其次是H3N2（14%）和H1N2（12%）。大多数阳性提交与生长猪的疾病相关（中位年龄8.8周龄，IQR 515）。中位发病率和死亡率分别为25%（IQR 1048）和2%（IQR 0.53.5）。分别在71%和7.9%的猪场对母猪和生长猪进行了疫苗接种。据报告，专用鞋是工人使用的最常见的防护设备。季节性流感疫苗接种率为19%。本研究中母猪接种率与全国数据一致，但生长猪接种率低于全国平均水平。当生长猪发生呼吸道疾病时，这里确定的季节和年龄趋势可以提供诊断指导。猪场防护设备和员工疫苗接种的不一致使用表明，有必要进一步讨论和研究减少猪场种间流感传播的方法。
Influenza A virus infections commonly cause respiratory disease in swine and can be transmitted between people and pigs, with potentially novel strains introduced into herds and spilling back into the human population. The goals of this study were to characterize influenza infections in Minnesota pigs and assess biosecurity measures used by swine workers. Veterinarians submitting influenza-positive swine samples to the University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory between October 2007 and April 2009 were surveyed regarding disease-related information and biosecurity procedures at each farm. Influenza-positive samples were submitted year-round, peaking in spring and fall. H1N1 was the most commonly detected subtype (56%), followed by H3N2 (14%) and H1N2 (12%). Most positive submissions were associated with illness in growing pigs (median age 8.8 weeks, IQR 515). Median morbidity and mortality were 25% (IQR 1048) and 2% (IQR 0.53.5), respectively. Vaccination of sows and growing pigs was conducted at 71% and 7.9% of the swine farms, respectively. Specialized footwear was reported as the most common form of protective equipment used by workers. Employee vaccination for seasonal influenza was 19%. The sow vaccination rate in this study is consistent with national data, although growing pig vaccination is lower than the national average. Seasonal and age trends identified here may provide diagnostic guidance when growing pigs experience respiratory disease. Inconsistent use of protective equipment and employee vaccination at swine farms indicates the need for further discussion and research of approaches to minimize interspecies influenza transmission on swine farms.