Optimal and central-place foraging theory applied to a desert harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex californicus
Optimal and central-place foraging theory applied to a desert harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex californicus
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最佳和中心位置觅食理论应用于沙漠收割蚁 Pogonomyrmex californicus
DOI：
10.1007/bf00377577
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
G. Polis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Holder;G. Polis
摘要 最佳和中心觅食理论的某些预测在沙漠收割蚁 Pogonomyrmex californicus 上进行了测试。向菌落提供三种不同尺寸的燕麦种子，发现通过收获具有最高 ei/ti 等级的种子尺寸，可以随时间 (ti) 最大化净能量摄入 (ei)。测量了 ti 的两个方面，在之前的研究中假设它们是恒定的。测量了 ti 的处理成分（处理种子所需的时间和带着食物返回群体的时间），发现与种子大小呈正相关。操纵成功率（成功拾取处理过的种子的百分比）随着种子大小的增加而降低。这些结果表明，测量 ei/ti 的所有参数比假设猎物类型和觅食距离保持不变是多么重要。不太喜欢的食物类型的相对丰富度对于确定饮食中喜欢的类型的比例很重要。在 25 天的时间内，对 8 个群体的食物供应进行了实验控制。四个“被剥夺”的群体被限制在铝制围栏内，以防止觅食。剩下的四个“饱足”的群体则随意进食。然后将处理过的菌落的生态位宽度与对照进行比较，但发现没有显着差异。在距离菌落三个距离处提供种子诱饵，以测试选择性是否随着距离的增加而增加。与理论预测相反，所有菌落在每个距离处收获的每种种子大小的比例大致相同。
SummaryCertain predictions of optimal- and central place-foraging theory were tested on the desert harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex californicus. Colonies were offered three different sizes of oat seed and found to maximize net energy intake (ei) over time (ti) by harvesting the seed sizes with the highest ei/ti rank. Two aspects of ti were measured that were assumed constant in previous studies. The handling components of ti (time required to manipulate the seed and travel time back to the colony with the food) were measured and found to be positively correlated with seed size. The manipulation success rate (the percentage of handled seeds successfully picked up) decreased with increased seed size. These results point out how important it is to measure all parameters of ei/ti rather than to assume constancy with both prey type and foraging distance. The relative abundance of less preferred food types was important in determining the proportion of preferred types in the diet. The food supply of eight colonies was manipulated experimentally over a 25-day period. Four “deprived” colonies were constrained within aluminum enclosures to prevented foraging. The remaining four “satiated” colonies were given food ad libitum. The niche breadths of the treated colonies were then compared to controls, but found not to differ significantly. Seed baits were offered at three distances from the colony to test whether selectivity increased with disance. Contrary to theoretical predictions, all colonies harcested about the same proportion of each seed size at each distance.