A comparison of the cognitive deficits in reading disability and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
A comparison of the cognitive deficits in reading disability and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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DOI：
10.1037//0021-843x.110.1.157
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发表时间：
2001-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
E. Willcutt;B. Pennington;R. Boada;Jamie S. Ogline;Rachel A. Tunick;Nomita A. Chhabildas;R. Olson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Willcutt;B. Pennington;R. Boada;Jamie S. Ogline;Rachel A. Tunick;Nomita A. Chhabildas;R. Olson
本研究使用了一个未参考的双胞胎样本来对比阅读障碍（RD, n = 93）、注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD, n = 52）、阅读障碍和多动症（n = 48）以及非RD和多动症（n = 121）在音素意识（PA）和执行功能（EF）方面的表现。EF测量的探索性因素分析得出了工作记忆、抑制和集合移位的潜在因素。结果显示ADHD与抑制缺陷相关，而RD与PA和言语工作记忆的测量显着缺陷相关。RD + ADHD组在几乎所有的测量中都是受损最严重的，这为RD和ADHD合并症的表型假说提供了证据。
This study used a nonreferred sample of twins to contrast the performance of individuals with reading disability (RD; n = 93), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 52), RD and ADHD (n = 48), and neither RD nor ADHD (n = 121) on measures of phoneme awareness (PA) and executive functioning (EF). Exploratory factor analysis of the EF measures yielded underlying factors of working memory, inhibition, and set shifting. Results revealed that ADHD was associated with inhibition deficits, whereas RD was associated with significant deficits on measures of PA and verbal working memory. The RD + ADHD group was most impaired on virtually all measures, providing evidence against the phenocopy hypothesis as an explanation for comorbidity between RD and ADHD.