Microbiological effectiveness and cost of disinfecting water by boiling in semi-urban India
Microbiological effectiveness and cost of disinfecting water by boiling in semi-urban India
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2008.79.407
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Shah, Nimish
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clasen, Thomas;McLaughlin, Catherine;Shah, Nimish
尽管存在缺点，煮沸是家庭处理水的最常见方法，也是衡量新兴使用点水处理方法的基准。在一项为期 5 个月的研究中，我们评估了 218 个自报告的依赖无保护供水的锅炉的微生物有效性和成本。煮沸可使粪便大肠菌群几何平均数降低 99%（FC；P < 0.001）。尽管源水中粪便污染程度较高，但自报告锅炉储存的饮用水样品中，59.6%符合世界卫生组织安全饮用水标准（0 FC/100mL），5.7%在1至10FC/100mL之间。尽管如此，40.4%的储存饮用水样本对FCs呈阳性，其中25.1%超过100FC/100mL。使用液化石油气的家庭每月煮沸的燃料费用估计为 43.8 印度卢比（0.88 美元），使用液化石油气的家庭为 34.7 印度卢比（0.69 美元）。对于使用木材的家庭。
Despite shortcomings, boiling is the most common means of treating water at home and the benchmark against which emerging point-of-use water treatment approaches are measured. In a 5-month study, we assessed the microbiological effectiveness and cost of the practice among 218 self-reported boilers relying on unprotected water supplies. Boiling was associated with a 99% reduction in geometric mean fecal coliforms (FCs; P < 0.001). Despite high levels of fecal contamination in source water, 59.6% of stored drinking water samples from self-reported boilers met the World Health Organization standard for safe drinking water (0 FC/100mL), and 5.7% were between I and 10 FC/100 mL. Nevertheless, 40.4% of stored drinking water samples were positive for FCs, with 25.1% exceeding 100 FC/100 mL. The estimated monthly fuel cost for boiling was INR 43.8 (US$0.88) for households using liquid petroleum gas and INR 34.7 (US$0.69). for households using wood.