Characteristics of Large-Scale Orographic Precipitation in a Linear Perspective
Characteristics of Large-Scale Orographic Precipitation in a Linear Perspective
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DOI：
10.1175/2010jhm1231.1
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
M. Kunz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kunz
摘要用两种不同的基于物理的线性降水模式对德国西南部和法国东部低山脉的地形降水进行了模拟。这两个模型都是基于三维气流动力学从线性理论，并考虑平流的冷凝水和背风干燥。理想条件下的敏感性研究和真实的案例研究表明，地形降水的量和空间分布强烈控制的特征时间尺度的云和水凝平流和背景降水，由于大规模的提升。这些参数估计调整模型的结果在一个2.5公里的网格上观察到的降水模式的一个样本的40个代表性的地形为主的层状事件（24小时）在校准期间（1971-80）。一般来说，在1600 s的特征时间尺度和0.4 mm h−1的背景降水量下，获得了最低RMSE和偏差的最佳结果。模型模拟...
Abstract Simulations of orographic precipitation over the low mountain ranges of southwestern Germany and eastern France with two different physics-based linear precipitation models are presented. Both models are based on 3D airflow dynamics from linear theory and consider advection of condensed water and leeside drying. Sensitivity studies for idealized conditions and a real case study show that the amount and spatial distribution of orographic precipitation is strongly controlled by characteristic time scales for cloud and hydrometeor advection and background precipitation due to large-scale lifting. These parameters are estimated by adjusting the model results on a 2.5-km grid to observed precipitation patterns for a sample of 40 representative orography-dominated stratiform events (24 h) during a calibration period (1971–80). In general, the best results in terms of lowest rmse and bias are obtained for characteristic time scales of 1600 s and background precipitation of 0.4 mm h−1. Model simulations ...