A general photonic crystal sensing motif: Creatinine in bodily fluids
A general photonic crystal sensing motif: Creatinine in bodily fluids
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DOI：
10.1021/ja038187s
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发表时间：
2004-03-10
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Asher, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sharma, AC;Jana, T;Asher, SA
我们开发了一种新的检测和定量肌酸酐的传感基序，肌酸酐是肾功能障碍的一个重要的小分子标志物。这种新型传感器motif基于我们的智能聚合结晶胶体阵列（IPCCA）材料，其中单分散的三维结晶胶体阵列（CCA），高电荷聚苯乙烯乳胶颗粒在轻交联的聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶中聚合。这些复合水凝胶是光子晶体，其中嵌入的CCA衍射可见光并呈现强烈的颜色。水凝胶的体积相变引起CCA晶格间距的变化，从而改变光的衍射波长。我们用两个耦合的识别模块，肌酸酐脱亚胺酶（CD）酶和2-硝基苯酚（2NPh）滴定基团对水凝胶进行功能化。凝胶中的肌酐被CD酶迅速水解，释放OH-。与外部溶液相比，这提高了水凝胶内的稳态pH值。作为反应，2NPh去质子化。与中性酚类相比，酚类的溶解度增加导致水凝胶膨胀，使IPCCA衍射发生红移。这种光子晶体I PCCA在生理pH和盐度下感知生理相关的肌酐水平，检测限为6mum。该传感器还能测定人体血清样品中肌酐的生理水平。这种传感技术平台是相当通用的。它可用于制造任何物质的光子晶体传感器，只要存在能催化其释放H+或OH-的酶。
We developed a new sensing motif for the detection and quantification of creatinine, which is an important small molecule marker of renal dysfunction. This novel sensor motif is based on our intelligent polymerized crystalline colloidal array (IPCCA) materials, in which a three-dimensional crystalline colloidal array (CCA) of monodisperse, highly charged polystyrene latex particles are polymerized within lightly crosslinked polyacrylamide hydrogels. These composite hydrogels are photonic crystals in which the embedded CCA diffracts visible light and appears intensely colored. Volume phase transitions of the hydrogel cause changes in the CCA lattice spacings which change the diffracted wavelength of light. We functionalized the hydrogel with two coupled recognition modules, a creatinine deiminase (CD) enzyme and a 2-nitrophenol (2NPh) titrating group. Creatinine within the gel is rapidly hydrolyzed by the CD enzyme in a reaction which releases OH-. This elevates the steady-state pH within the hydrogel as compared to the exterior solution. In response, the 2NPh is deprotonated. The increased solubility of the phenolate species as compared to that of the neutral phenols causes a hydrogel swelling which red-shifts the IPCCA diffraction. This photonic crystal I PCCA senses physiologically relevant creatinine levels, with a detection limit of 6 muM, at physiological pH and salinity. This sensor also determines physiological levels of creatinine in human blood serum samples. This sensing technology platform is quite general. It may be used to fabricate photonic crystal sensors for any species for which there exists an enzyme which catalyzes it to release H+ or OH-.