Organic acids produced by mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris exposed to elevated aluminium and heavy metal concentrations
Organic acids produced by mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris exposed to elevated aluminium and heavy metal concentrations
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00653.x
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Finlay, RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahonen-Jonnarth, U;Van Hees, PAW;Finlay, RD
培养方法，使暴露的外生菌根植物与完整的外基质菌丝体的溶液中含有不同浓度的铝或重金属。以杂色乳牛肝菌（Suillusvariegatus）、玫瑰乳牛肝菌（Rhizopogonroseolus）和卷叶乳牛肝菌（Paxillusinvolutus）侵染的樟子松（Pinussylvestris）幼苗为研究对象。幼苗被转移到含有玻璃珠的培养皿中，并以两种方式暴露于高浓度的Al，Cd，Cu或Ni中：转移后立即;以及在允许菌根幼苗发展出一种根外菌丝体，该菌丝体定殖在珠子的上表面和含金属溶液之间的界面上。通过从溶液中取样并通过HPLC分析来测量菌根和非菌根系统中有机酸的产生。在大多数实验中，草酸的水平显着高于菌根处理比非菌根对照。测定的有机酸水平是可变的，但获得的结果表明，草酸的生产是刺激暴露于高铝菌根幼苗定殖的S。variegatus和R.玫瑰色铝浓度升高也增加草酸生产的非菌根幼苗显着在两个四铝实验进行，但测得的浓度显着低于相应的菌根治疗在这两种情况下。在非菌根化和接种渐开线羊栖菜的幼苗培养液中发现了丙二酸，而在接种S. variegatus或R.玫瑰花感染的幼苗。柠檬酸、莽草酸、乳酸、乙酸、丙酸、富马酸、甲酸、异丁酸和丁酸的浓度各不相同。定殖苗产生草酸的研究。暴露于0.44 μ M Cd或17 μ M Ni，对variegatusBL或P. involutus没有刺激作用。在两个单独的实验中，使用渐开线毕赤酵母87.017和两种S. variegatus（BL和159）似乎刺激草酸的产生，而与菌根状态或种类无关。
A cultivation method was developed to enable exposure of ectomycorrhizal plants with intact extramatrical mycelium to solutions containing different concentrations of aluminium or heavy metals. Pinus sylvestris seedlings colonized by Suillus variegatus (two isolates), Rhizopogon roseolus or Paxillus involutus (two isolates) were used. Seedlings were transferred to Petri dishes containing glass beads and exposed to elevated concentrations of Al, Cd, Cu, or Ni in two ways: immediately following transfer; and after allowing mycorrhizal seedlings to develop an extraradical mycelium that colonized the interface between the upper surface of the beads and the metal-containing solution. Production of organic acids in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal systems was measured by withdrawing samples from the solution and analyzing by HPLC. In most experiments, levels of oxalic acid were significantly higher in mycorrhizal treatments than in non-mycorrhizal controls. The measured levels of organic acids were variable, but the results obtained suggest that production of oxalic acid is stimulated by exposure to elevated Al in mycorrhizal seedlings colonized by S. variegatus and R. roseolus. Elevated Al concentrations also increased oxalic acid production by non-mycorrhizal seedlings significantly in two of four Al experiments performed, but the measured concentrations were significantly lower than in corresponding mycorrhizal treatments in both cases. Malonic acid was found in the culture solution of non-mycorrhizal and P. involutus-colonized seedlings, but only trace amounts were found in S. variegatus or R. roseolus-infected seedlings. Citric, shikimic, lactic, acetic, propionic, fumaric, formic, iso-butyric and butyric acid were found in variable concentrations. Production of oxalic acid by seedlings colonized by S. variegatus BL or P. involutus was not stimulated by exposure to 0.44 mu M Cd or 17 mu M Ni. Exposure to 0.157 mM Cu in two separate experiments using P. involutus 87.017 and two strains of S. variegatus (BL and 159) appeared to stimulate production of oxalic acid irrespective of mycorrhizal status or species.