Imaging Small Vessel Disease Lesion Topography, Networks, and Cognitive Deficits Investigated With MRI
Imaging Small Vessel Disease Lesion Topography, Networks, and Cognitive Deficits Investigated With MRI
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DOI：
10.1161/strokeaha.110.595314
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
O'Sullivan, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Sullivan, Michael
小血管疾病是认知障碍和痴呆症日益加重的主要原因。除了诊断，MRI技术还提供了一种研究认知能力下降机制的手段。结合扩散张量MRI的研究表明，认知能力的变化主要是由大脑结构的改变引起的。关于结构和功能之间联系的未解决问题包括：（1）少量策略性病变与多处病变累积效应的相对重要性;（2）认知障碍特征性特征的潜在基础，包括执行功能、处理速度和工作记忆的选择性缺陷。这次更新的重点是MRI方法来分析这些问题和技术的空间分布的损害有关的网络，有利于主要的认知功能。病变映射和基于体素的分析，以及应用扩散张量MRI纤维束成像重建关键的白色物质投影，是非常有前途的方法，以提高对结构和功能之间的关系和认知能力下降的机制的理解。（中风。2010;41[suppl 1]：S154-S158.）
Small vessel disease is a major contributor to the growing burden of cognitive impairment and dementia. In addition to diagnosis, MRI techniques provide a means to investigate mechanisms of cognitive decline. Studies that incorporate diffusion tensor MRI show that variance in cognitive performance is largely accounted for by alterations in brain structure. Unresolved questions about the link between structure and function include: (1) the relative importance of a small number of strategic lesions versus the cumulative effect of multiple lesions; (2) the underlying basis for the characteristic profile of cognitive impairment, with selective deficits of executive function, processing speed and working memory. This update focuses on MRI approaches to these problems and techniques to analyze spatial distribution of damage in relation to the networks that subserve major cognitive functions. Lesion mapping and voxel-based analysis, and the application of diffusion tensor MRI tractography to reconstruct critical white matter projections, are highly promising approaches for improving understanding of the relationship between structure and function and the mechanisms of cognitive decline. (Stroke. 2010;41[suppl 1]:S154-S158.)