Landslide-generated tsunami and particle transport in mountain lakes and reservoirs
Landslide-generated tsunami and particle transport in mountain lakes and reservoirs
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DOI：
10.3189/2016aog71a034
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
J. Kafle;Puskar R. Pokhrel;Khim B. Khattri;Parameshwari Kattel;B. M. Tuladhar;S. Pudasaini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Kafle;Puskar R. Pokhrel;Khim B. Khattri;Parameshwari Kattel;B. M. Tuladhar;S. Pudasaini
摘要 当重力质量流撞击海洋、水库或高山湖泊等水体时，可能会引发海啸。撞击后，它们会产生巨大的颗粒物或泥石流和洪水。沿着山坡快速倾泻而下的波浪可能引发泥石流或洪水，可能对土木结构造成巨大破坏并危及生命。在这里，我们应用一般的两相质量流模型（Pudasaini，2012），并对影响流体储层的真实两相碎片进行三维（3-D）高分辨率模拟。创新的公式提供了在单一框架内同时模拟滑动两相碎片/滑坡、水库、碎片对水库的影响、水波生成、传播和混合以及固相和液相分离的机会。结果表明，储层中非常特殊的固体和流体结构的形成和传播、海底碎片的传播、浊流以及水下碎片、表面海啸和海底碎片波之间的复杂相互作用。我们的结果表明，可变形两相碎片的浸没时间尺度与不可变形固体的浸没时间尺度有很大偏差。这些结果大大增加了我们对 3-D 复杂多相系统/流的理解。这样可以对山体滑坡/泥石流引起的山地海啸、喜马拉雅山和阿尔卑斯山斜坡和通道中的浊流动力学和高度集中的沉积物输送进行适当的建模，并在工程、环境和减灾计划中进行相关应用。
Abstract Gravitational mass flows may generate tsunamis as they hit water bodies such as oceans, reservoirs or mountain lakes. Upon impact, they can generate tremendous particle-laden or debris flows and floods. Rapidly cascading waves down mountain slopes can trigger debris flows or floods, potentially causing huge damage to civil structures and endangering life. Here we apply a general two-phase mass flow model (Pudasaini, 2012), and present three-dimensional (3-D), high-resolution simulations for a real two-phase debris impacting a fluid reservoir. An innovative formulation provides an opportunity, within a single framework, to simulate simultaneously the sliding two-phase debris/landslide, reservoir, debris impact at reservoir, water-wave generation, propagation and mixing, and separation between solid and fluid phases. The results demonstrate formation and propagation of very special solid and fluid structures in the reservoir, propagation of submarine debris, turbidity currents, and complex interactions between the subaerial debris, surface tsunami and submarine debris waves. Our results reveal that the submerge timescaling for a deformable two-phase debris deviates substantially from the same for a non-deformable solid. These results substantially increase our understanding of 3-D complex multiphase systems/flows. This allows for the proper modeling of landslide/debris-induced mountain tsunami, dynamics of turbidity currents and highly concentrated sediment transports in Himalayan and Alpine slopes and channels, with associated applications to engineering, environmental and hazard-mitigation plans.