Testing Social Enterprise Models Across the World: Evidence From the "International Comparative Social Enterprise Models (ICSEM) Project"
Testing Social Enterprise Models Across the World: Evidence From the "International Comparative Social Enterprise Models (ICSEM) Project"
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DOI：
10.1177/0899764020959470
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发表时间：
2020-09-26
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Brolis, Olivier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Defourny, Jacques;Nyssens, Marthe;Brolis, Olivier
为了回应社会企业（SE）的大量定义，各种作品试图通过SE类型学来科普这种多样性。然而，其中许多是针对具体国家的，只有极少数是建立在坚实的理论基础之上的。为了克服这些弱点，Defourny和Nyssens在前一篇文章中提出了国际类型学的一些基本原理，包括四个SE模型。本文的目的是测试这些模型的存在的基础上的数据集，涵盖721个小企业，并在43个国家进行了调查。更准确地说，数据集的统计开发结合了多因子分析和层次聚类分析。看来，存在的四个SE模式，即社会企业模式，社会合作模式和企业家的非营利模式，是强有力的支持，在几乎所有的调查国家的实证分析。
In response to the large number of definitions of social enterprise (SE), various works have sought to cope with such diversity through SE typologies. Many of them are however country-specific and only very few of them are built upon solid theoretical foundations. To overcome these weaknesses, Defourny and Nyssens had put forward, in a previous article, some fundamentals for an international typology, including four SE models. The objective of the present article is to test the existence of these models on the basis of a data set covering 721 SEs and resulting from a survey carried out in 43 countries. More precisely, the statistical exploitation of the data set combined multiple factorial analysis with hierarchical cluster analysis. It appears that the existence of three of the four SE models-namely the social-business model, the social-cooperative model and the entrepreneurial nonprofit model-is strongly supported by the empirical analysis in almost all surveyed countries.