Employment Status and Its Association With Psychological Distress and Alcohol Consumption.
Employment Status and Its Association With Psychological Distress and Alcohol Consumption.
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DOI：
10.7759/cureus.16054
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Leszkowitz D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Walia N;Bhetuwal R;Acosta L;Muddasani S;Kamwal C;Mishra VD;Leszkowitz D
目的：这项分析的目的是找出就业状况、心理困扰和饮酒之间的联系。方法：使用2020年健康信息全国趋势调查(HINTS)数据。患者健康问卷-4(PHQ-4)数据和平均每周饮酒量被用来评估心理困扰和饮酒状况。结果：在2020年接受调查的3865人中，有1890人(59.11%)在调查期间从事过一份或多份工作。样本包括1561名男性和2204名女性，平均年龄为48.4岁。超过一半(58.7%)的人是非西班牙裔白人，其次是西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人，分别为15.73%和10.32%。双变量分析显示，就业、心理痛苦(p值=0.032)和饮酒(p值=0.002)之间存在显著关联；60.59%的参与者报告严重痛苦(phq-4评分9-12)失业。另外，73.1%的受雇受访者报告没有压力(PHQ-4得分0-2)。虽然超过一半(75.97%)的失业者平均每周只喝1-2杯酒，但7.27%的人平均每周喝13杯酒。调整协变量后，回归分析显示，失业与心理困扰(OR=1.55；95%CI=1.03，2.31)和饮酒(OR=0.67；95%CI=0.48，0.92)之间存在高度显著的相关性(P<0.001)。结论：失业与心理困扰和饮酒等后果有关。然而，研究发现，就业与饮酒的相关性更强。我们不知道2019年冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)大流行是否是给定结果的风险因素。
Purpose: The objective of this analysis was to find an association between employment status, psychological distress, and alcohol consumption. Methods: Data from the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) data was used. Patient health questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) data and an average number of drinks per week were used to assess psychological distress and drinking status. Results: Out of the 3865 people who answered the survey in the year 2020, 1890 (59.11%) were employed in one or multiple jobs during the time of the survey. The sample included 1561 men and 2204 women with an average age of 48.4 years. More than half (58.7%) of them were Non-Hispanic White followed by Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Black at 15.73% and 10.32%, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between employment, psychological distress (p value=0.032), and alcohol drinking (p value=0.002); 60.59% of participants reporting severe distress (PHQ-4 score of 9-12) were unemployed. Alternatively, 73.1% of the employed respondents reported no stress (PHQ-4 score of 0-2). While more than half (75.97%) of those who were unemployed consumed only 1-2 drinks per week on an average, 7.27% consumed >13 drinks per week on an average. After adjusting for covariates, the regression analysis showed a highly significant association (p value< 0.001) between unemployment and psychological distress (OR=1.55; 95% CI 1.03, 2.31), and alcohol consumption (OR=0.67; 95% CI 0.48, 0.92). Conclusion: Unemployment is associated with outcomes like psychological distress and alcohol consumption. However, being employed was found to be more strongly associated with alcohol drinking. We do not know if the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was a risk factor for the given outcomes.