Carriage of sub-microscopic sexual and asexual Plasmodium falciparum stages in the dry season at Navrongo, Ghana.
Carriage of sub-microscopic sexual and asexual Plasmodium falciparum stages in the dry season at Navrongo, Ghana.
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DOI：
10.4314/gmj.v50i4.4
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wilson, Michael D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Atelu, Geoffrey R;Duah, Nancy O;Wilson, Michael D
背景：我们调查了加纳北部纳夫龙戈（季节性疟疾传播地区）无症状个体中亚显微恶性疟原虫感染和配子体携带情况。设计：2015 年 2 月和 3 月对所有年龄组的 209 名随机选择的参与者进行了横断面研究。方法：从这些个体采集的毛细血管血样用于 通过显微镜、逆转录聚合酶链式反应 (RT-PCR) 和传统的巢式 PCR 方法检测无性和配子期寄生虫。使用卡方检验对通过显微镜和分子方法测定的患病率数据进行比较。 结果：这些无症状感染者的寄生虫血症范围为 40 至 3,520 只寄生虫/升血液（几何平均寄生虫血症 = 732 只寄生虫/升）。使用显微镜检查和 RT-PCR 检测，无症状恶性疟原虫携带率分别为 4.8% (10/209) 和 13.9% (29/209)。在分析的样本总数中，亚显微感染的总体患病率为9.1%（19/209），无症状感染者的患病率为66%（19/29）。显微镜检出的恶性疟原虫配子体血症为1% (2/209)，PCR 检出为3.8% (8/209)。结论：这是加纳季节性疟疾传播地区旱季首次出现亚显微无性和配子体感染的报告。它已经确定，持续存在的潜伏性疟疾感染可能会为下一个传播季节提供寄生虫来源。研究结果强调了亚显微感染的存在，因此需要积极进行病例检测监测，以消除“无症状宿主”寄生虫，从而阻止该疾病在加纳的传播。 资金：比尔和梅琳达·盖茨基金会向野口纪念医学研究所传染病研究博士后和研究生培训授予拨款（全球卫生拨款 # OPP52155);美国国立卫生研究院向 MDW 拨款（NIH-NIAID RO1 # 1RO1AI099623）；欧洲发展中国家临床试验伙伴关系 (EDCTP) - 西非结核病、艾滋病和疟疾临床试验卓越网络 (WANETAM)（项目代码 CB.07.41700.007）。
BACKGROUND: We investigated the prevalence of sub-microscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections and gametocyte carriage in asymptomatic individuals in Navrongo in northern Ghana, an area of seasonal malaria transmission.DESIGN: A cross sectional study of 209 randomly selected participants of all age-groups was conducted in February and March, 2015.METHODS: Capillary blood samples collected from these individuals were used for the detection of both asexual and gametocyte stage parasites by microscopy, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and conventional nested PCR methods. The prevalence data as determined by microscopy and molecular methods were compared using chi-square tests.RESULTS: Parasitaemia from these asymptomatic infections ranged from 40 to 3,520 parasites/l of blood (geometric mean parasitaemia = 732 parasites/l). The prevalence of asymptomatic P. falciparum carriage was 4.8% (10/209) and 13.9% (29/209) using microscopy and RT-PCR respectively. The overall prevalence of sub-microscopic infections in the total number of samples analysed was 9.1% (19/209) and 66% (19/29) of the asymptomatic infections. P. falciparum gametocytemia detected by microscopy was 1% (2/209) and 3.8% (8/209) by PCR.CONCLUSION: This is the first report of sub-microscopic asexual and gametocytes infections in the dry season in a seasonal malaria transmission area in Ghana. It has established that persistent latent malaria infections occur and that these could supply the source of parasites for the next transmission season. The findings highlight the presence of sub-microscopic infections and therefore the need for active case detection surveillance to eliminate "asymptomatic reservoir" parasites and consequently break the transmission of the disease in Ghana.FUNDING: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant awarded to Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research Postdoctoral and Postgraduate Training in Infectious Diseases Research (Global Health Grant # OPP52155); National Institutes of Health grant (NIH-NIAID RO1 # 1RO1AI099623) to MDW; European Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP)-West African Network of Excellence for Clinical Trials in TB, AIDS and Malaria (WANETAM) (Project code CB.07.41700.007).