Individual differences in contrast sensitivity functions: the first four months of life in humans.
Individual differences in contrast sensitivity functions: the first four months of life in humans.
复制标题
对比敏感度功能的个体差异：人类生命的前四个月。
DOI：
10.1016/0042-6989(93)90093-c
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kaplan,PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peterzell,DH;Werner,JS;Kaplan,PS
采用优先观察法和恒定刺激法测定了40例4个月龄婴儿的对比敏感度函数。圆形正弦波栅格从0.27到1.08c/deg变化，包含8个未衰减周期(边缘逐渐变细为均匀的灰色)，并在2秒内上升到所需的对比度。空间频率接近的变量的对数对比敏感度比这些数据以及Banks和Salapatek的1个月、2个月和3个月大的数据中相距较远的变量的对数对比敏感性更高[(1981)实验儿童心理学杂志，31，1-45]。因子分析得出每个年龄组至少有两个频率调谐因子。蒙特卡洛模拟的一个量化模型将空间机制随年龄向更高频率转移，复制了4个月大婴儿的结果，但对成人型、不转移机制的模拟则没有。这些数据与以下结论一致：(A)空间机制敏感度的个体差异可以解释CSF的一些个体差异；(B)因素分析可能有助于估计机制调整；以及(C)空间机制在发育过程中可能会向更高的频率转移。
Contrast sensitivity functions of forty 4-month-old human infants were measured using a preferential-looking method and the method of constant stimuli. Circular sinewave gratings varied from 0.27 to 1.08 c/deg, contained eight unattenuated cycles (with edges tapered to uniform gray), and rose to the desired contrast in 2 sec. Log contrast sensitivities for variables close in spatial frequency correlated more highly than those that were farther apart in these data, and in data of 1-, 2-, and 3-month-olds from Banks and Salapatek [(1981)Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,31, 1–45]. Factor analyses yielded at least two frequency-tuned factors per age group. Monte Carlo simulations of a quantitative model that shifts spatial mechanisms to higher frequencies with age reproduced the results for 4-month-olds, but simulations of adultlike, unshifting mechanisms did not. The data are consistent with the following conclusions:(a)individual differences in the sensitivity of spatial mechanisms may explain some individual differences in CSFs;(b)factor analysis may help to estimate mechanism tuning; and(c)spatial mechanisms may shift to higher frequencies during development.