Got Pain? Racial Bias in Perceptions of Pain
Got Pain? Racial Bias in Perceptions of Pain
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有疼痛吗？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Hoffman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sophie Trawalter;K. Hoffman
在奴隶制时代，白人认为黑人感受到的痛苦比白人少。这种信念被用来为奴隶制辩护；它还被用来证明在医学研究中对黑人男女的不人道待遇是正当的。今天，美国白人仍然相信黑人比白人更少感受到痛苦，尽管这种信念已经从历史上明显的种族主义形式改变了。种族态度并不能缓和这种偏见，这表明对他人痛苦的看法中的种族偏见并非（完全）植根于种族偏见。此外，美国黑人也认为黑人感受到的痛苦比白人少，这表明这种偏见不再是基于群体间的动力。相反，这种偏见的当代形式源于这样的假设，即黑人面临更多的困难，“因此”可以承受更多的痛苦，以及黑人的身体不仅不同，而且是超人。尽管这种疼痛感知偏见的新实例显然更“仁慈”，但它仍可能导致负面结果。在这里，我们考虑种族偏见如何感知他人的痛苦可能会影响种族差异在医疗保健和群体间关系更普遍。我们还讨论了干预的潜在途径，旨在预防儿童的这种偏见，减少成人的这种偏见。
In the days of slavery, White people assumed that Black people felt less pain than did White people. This belief was used to justify slavery; it was also used to justify the inhumane treatment of Black men and women in medical research. Today, White Americans continue to believe that Black people feel less pain than do White people although this belief has changed from its historical, explicitly racist form. Racial attitudes do not moderate the bias, suggesting that racial bias in perceptions of others' pain is not rooted (solely) in racial prejudice. Moreover, Black Americans too believe that Black people feel less pain than do White people, suggesting that the bias is no longer grounded in intergroup dynamics. Rather, contemporary forms of this bias stem from assumptions that Black people face more hardship and “thus” can withstand more pain and assumptions that Black people's bodies are not only different but also superhuman. Although this new instantiation of the pain perception bias is decidedly more “benevolent”, it can nonetheless lead to negative outcomes. Here, we consider how racial bias in perceptions of others' pain may affect racial disparities in health care and intergroup relations more generally. We also discuss potential avenues for interventions aimed at preventing this bias among children and reducing this bias among adults.
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Morrison, RS;Meier, DE
通讯作者：
Meier, DE
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Balsa, AI;McGuire, TG
通讯作者：
McGuire, TG
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
CLEELAND, CS;GONIN, R;PANDYA, KJ
通讯作者：
PANDYA, KJ