Hepatitis E: A Literature Review.
Hepatitis E: A Literature Review.
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DOI：
10.14218/jcth.2017.00012
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发表时间：
2017-12-28
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Ivantes CAP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guerra JAAA;Kampa KC;Morsoletto DGB;Junior AP;Ivantes CAP
戊型肝炎是第五种已知的人类病毒性肝炎。虽然在我们的临床实践中并不常见，但在西方国家的发病率正在增加。戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）感染可能与急性疾病、肝衰竭、慢性肝炎和肝硬化有关。HEV本身是一种RNA病毒，有八种基因型（HEV 1 - 8），其中四种更常见地影响人类，因此得到了更好的研究。除肝脏表现外，基因型3还与肝外表现有关，如神经系统、肾脏和血液流变学。特别是在接受移植、患有需要化疗的恶性血液病或感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的患者中，会发生向慢性疾病的演变。诊断可能是困难的，因为低可用性的测试，并由于低灵敏度和特异性。急性疾病不需要治疗，但慢性疾病需要治疗。我们在此对戊型肝炎以及慢性戊型肝炎与移植的关系进行了文献综述。
Hepatitis E is the fifth known form of human viral hepatitis. Although not very common in our clinical practice, the incidence in Western countries is increasing. Infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV) may be related to acute illness, liver failure, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. HEV itself is an RNA virus, with eight described genotypes (HEV 1–8), four of which more commonly affect humans and have, thus, been better studied. Besides liver manifestations, genotype 3 is also related to extra-hepatic manifestations, such as neurological, renal and rheumatological. Evolution to chronic disease occurs especially in patients who underwent transplantation, have hematological malignancies requiring chemotherapy, or have infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. The diagnosis may be difficult because of the low availability of tests and due to low sensibility and specificity. The acute form of illness does not have to be treated, but the chronic one does. We present here a literature review of hepatitis E and the relation between chronic hepatitis E and transplantation.