Understanding divergence: Placing developmental neuroscience in its dynamic context
Understanding divergence: Placing developmental neuroscience in its dynamic context
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105539
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发表时间：
2024-01-13
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Viding，Essi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Astle，Duncan E.;Bassett，Dani S.;Viding，Essi
神经发育不仅仅是一个大脑成熟的过程，而且是对每个个体和我们共同创造的环境的独特限制的适应。然而，我们的理论和方法工具箱经常忽略这一现实。越来越多的人意识到，需要一种转变，使我们能够跨越传统的分类界限来研究大脑和行为的差异。然而，我们认为，在未来，我们对差异的研究还必须纳入捕捉这些神经发育差异出现的发育动力学。这一关键步骤需要调整研究设计和方法。如果我们的最终目标是将捕捉分化如何以及最终何时发生的发展动态纳入其中，那么我们将需要一个与这些雄心相称的分析工具包。我们认为，在神经发育差异方面，过度依赖群体平均水平是一个概念性的死胡同。这在一定程度上是因为任何个体差异和发展动力都不可避免地在群体平均水平中消失。相反，分析方法本身是新的，或者仅仅是在这种情况下新应用的，可能允许我们将我们的理论和方法框架从群体转移到个人。同样，能够模拟复杂动态系统的方法可能使我们能够理解只有在相互作用的神经系统水平上才有可能出现的动态。
Neurodevelopment is not merely a process of brain maturation, but an adaptation to constraints unique to each individual and to the environments we co-create. However, our theoretical and methodological toolkits often ignore this reality. There is growing awareness that a shift is needed that allows us to study divergence of brain and behaviour across conventional categorical boundaries. However, we argue that in future our study of divergence must also incorporate the developmental dynamics that capture the emergence of those neurodevelopmental differences. This crucial step will require adjustments in study design and methodology. If our ultimate aim is to incorporate the developmental dynamics that capture how, and ultimately when, divergence takes place then we will need an analytic toolkit equal to these ambitions. We argue that the over reliance on group averages has been a conceptual dead-end with regard to the neurodevelopmental differences. This is in part because any individual differences and developmental dynamics are inevitably lost within the group average. Instead, analytic approaches which are themselves new, or simply newly applied within this context, may allow us to shift our theoretical and methodological frameworks from groups to individuals. Likewise, methods capable of modelling complex dynamic systems may allow us to understand the emergent dynamics only possible at the level of an interacting neural system.