Stigma related to labels and symptoms in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis.
Stigma related to labels and symptoms in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2015.08.004
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Corcoran CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang LH;Link BG;Ben-David S;Gill KE;Girgis RR;Brucato G;Wonpat-Borja AJ;Corcoran CM
背景尽管精神病“临床高危”（clinical high-risk）鉴定提供了进步，但仍然存在污名化的风险。还没有对残疾人对陈规定型观念的认识和认同情况进行评估。此外，与症状相关的相对耻辱，而不是标签的风险，是不知道的，这是至关重要的，因为ESTA识别可能会减少ESTA相关的stigma.MethodsThirty-eight ESTA主题被确定使用标准措施的预防和评估中心/纽约州精神病研究所/哥伦比亚大学。标签相关的措施，适应了性别歧视组包括“刻板印象意识和自我耻辱”（“刻板印象意识”，“刻板印象协议”，“负面情绪[羞耻]”），和一个平行的措施“负面情绪（羞耻）”的症状。这些措施进行了检查有关的焦虑和抑郁症状，调整核心的精神病症状（例如，衰减的精神病症状）。Resultsweethearts参与者认可的认识精神疾病的刻板印象，但在很大程度上并不同意这些刻板印象。此外，研究参与者描述了更多与症状相关的耻辱感，而不是风险标签本身。羞耻与症状与抑郁症，而羞耻与风险标签与anxiety.ConclusionBoth耻辱的风险标签和症状的经验，个人的贡献。刻板印象意识相对较高，标签相关的羞耻感与焦虑增加有关。然而，对定型观念的有限同意表明，与标签有关的耻辱并没有完全渗透到自我概念中。此外，与症状相关的耻辱总体上显得更加突出，并且与抑郁症的增加有关，这表明通过治疗症状来减轻与症状相关的耻辱可能会带来重大益处。
BackgroundDespite advances that the psychosis "clinical high-risk" (CHR) identification offers, risk of stigma exists. Awareness of and agreement with stereotypes has not yet been evaluated in CHR individuals. Furthermore, the relative stigma associated with symptoms, as opposed to the label of risk, is not known, which is critical because CHR identification may reduce symptom-related stigma.MethodsThirty-eight CHR subjects were ascertained using standard measures from the Center of Prevention and Evaluation/New York State Psychiatric Institute/ Columbia University. Labeling-related measures adapted to the CHR group included "stereotype awareness and self-stigma" ("Stereotype awareness", "Stereotype Agreement", "Negative emotions [shame]"), and a parallel measure of "Negative emotions (shame)" for symptoms. These measures were examined in relation to symptoms of anxiety and depression, adjusting for core CHR symptoms (e.g. attenuated psychotic symptoms).ResultsCHR participants endorsed awareness of mental illness stereotypes, but largely did not themselves agree with these stereotypes. Furthermore, CHR participants described more stigma associated with symptoms than they did with the risk-label itself. Shame related to symptoms was associated with depression, while shame related to the risk-label was associated with anxiety.ConclusionBoth stigma of the risk-label and of symptoms contribute to the experience of CHR individuals. Stereotype awareness was relatively high and labeling-related shame was associated with increased anxiety. Yet limited agreement with stereotypes indicated that labeling-related stigma had not fully permeated self-conceptions. Furthermore, symptom-related stigma appeared more salient overall and was linked with increased depression, suggesting that alleviating symptom-related shame via treating symptoms might provide major benefit.