Cultural traditions and the evolution of reproductive isolation: ecological speciation in killer whales?
Cultural traditions and the evolution of reproductive isolation: ecological speciation in killer whales?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01872.x
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发表时间：
2012-05
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
R. Riesch;L. Barrett‐Lennard;G. Ellis;J. K. Ford;V. Deecke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Riesch;L. Barrett‐Lennard;G. Ellis;J. K. Ford;V. Deecke
人类进化显然是由基因与文化相互作用塑造的，并且越来越多的证据表明类似的过程也作用于非人类动物群体。最近的理论研究表明，文化可以成为一种重要的进化机制，因为文化特征能够在垂直和水平方向上快速传播，从而导致群体内方差减少和群体间方差增加。在这里，我们整理了有关虎鲸（Orcinus orca）种群分化的大量文献，并认为由于饮食专门化，它们正在经历生态物种形成。虽然我们不能排除文化差异先于生态差异的可能性，但我们认为，生态差异虎鲸种群之间习得行为形式的文化差异导致了同源性的充分生殖隔离，从而导致了早期物种形成。
Human evolution has clearly been shaped by gene–culture interactions, and there is growing evidence that similar processes act on populations of non-human animals as well. Recent theoretical studies have shown that culture can be an important evolutionary mechanism due to the ability of cultural traits to spread rapidly both vertically and horizontally, resulting in decreased within-group variance and increased between-group variance. Here, we collate the extensive literature on population divergence in killer whales (Orcinus orca) and argue that they are undergoing ecological speciation as a result of dietary specializations. While we cannot exclude the possibility that cultural divergence predates ecological divergence, we propose that cultural differences in the form of learned behaviors between ecologically-divergent killer whale populations have resulted in sufficient reproductive isolation in sympatry to lead to incipient speciation.