The state of the evidence on the association between state cannabis laws and opioid-related outcomes: A review.
The state of the evidence on the association between state cannabis laws and opioid-related outcomes: A review.
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DOI：
10.1007/s40429-021-00397-1
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
McGinty, Emma E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tormohlen, Kayla N;Bicket, Mark C;White, Sarah;Barry, Colleen L;Stuart, Elizabeth A;Rutkow, Lainie;McGinty, Emma E
本文综述了研究医疗和娱乐大麻法律对阿片类药物处方，阿片类药物使用，阿片类药物使用障碍，阿片类药物相关服务利用率和阿片类药物相关死亡率的影响。我们还讨论了研究面临的挑战和对未来工作的建议。对2014-2021年间发表的21项美国研究进行了审查，这些研究评估了州大麻法律与阿片类药物相关结果的关联。研究结果在很大程度上是不确定的。我们确定了现有工作的六个挑战：1）无法直接测量大麻/阿片类药物替代品; 2）使用一般人群样本和缺乏个人层面的纵向研究; 3）将大麻法律的影响与其他州法律分开的挑战; 4）交错政策实施的方法学挑战; 5）对大麻法律规定的考虑有限; 6）缺乏跨数据源的三角测量。虽然现有的研究表明大麻法律有可能减少高风险阿片类药物处方和其他阿片类药物相关的不良后果，但应根据局限性解释研究。
This review summarizes studies examining impacts of medical and recreational cannabis laws on opioid prescribing, opioid use, opioid use disorder, opioid-related service utilization, and opioid-involved mortality. We also discuss research challenges and recommendations for future work. Twenty-one U.S. based studies published between 2014–2021 that assessed state cannabis laws’ association with opioid-related outcomes were reviewed. Study results were largely inconclusive. We identified six challenges of existing work: 1) inability to directly measure cannabis/opioid substitution; 2) use of general population samples and lack of individual-level longitudinal studies; 3) challenges disentangling effects of cannabis laws from other state laws; 4) methodological challenges with staggered policy implementation; 5) limited consideration of cannabis law provisions; 6) lack of triangulation across data sources. While existing research suggests the potential for cannabis laws to reduce high-risk opioid prescribing and other opioid-related adverse outcomes, studies should be interpreted in light of limitations.