A qualitative study of mobile home resident perspectives on tornadoes and tornado protective actions in South Carolina, USA
A qualitative study of mobile home resident perspectives on tornadoes and tornado protective actions in South Carolina, USA
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美国南卡罗来纳州移动房屋居民对龙卷风和龙卷风防护行动看法的定性研究
DOI：
10.1007/s10708-016-9700-8
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kevin D. Ash
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kevin D. Ash
在美利坚合众国（USA），移动的或制造的房屋的居住者高度暴露于龙卷风危害并且容易受到伤害或死亡。这个问题在美国南部和东部最为突出，那里龙卷风频繁，移动的房屋占住房存量的15%以上。认识到这种脆弱性，应急管理实体和美国国家气象局经常建议移动的家庭居民在龙卷风威胁他们的社区时撤离到附近坚固的建筑物或专门建造的龙卷风避难所。然而，先前的研究表明，只有30%的居民遵循这一建议。在这项研究中，我的目的是提供洞察力，为什么许多移动的家庭居民很少采取行动的建议，龙卷风。2013年在南卡罗来纳州进行的20次半结构化访谈的摘录，我表明，一些人对龙卷风的物理特征的理解与专家截然不同。此外，移动的住宅居民也可能对他们的住宅抵御龙卷风和碎片的能力持有与专家不同的观点。即使移动的家庭居住者密切关注雷暴危害，并可能愿意撤离，他们可能会优先考虑闪电或山洪暴发的保护行动，而不是龙卷风的建议。最后，访谈显示，对于去哪里，何时离开，以及采取哪条路线安全到达龙卷风危险的避难所，有很多困惑。我讨论了一些理论和实践的研究结果的潜在后果，并建议未来的研究可能建立在这项工作。
Occupants of mobile or manufactured homes in the United States of America (USA) are highly exposed and susceptible to injury or death from tornado hazards. This problem is most pronounced in the southern and eastern USA, where tornadoes are frequent and mobile homes comprise upwards of 15 % of the housing stock. Recognizing this vulnerability, emergency management entities and the USA National Weather Service often recommend that mobile home residents evacuate to a nearby sturdy building or a specially-built tornado shelter when tornadoes threaten their communities. Previous research suggests, however, that only 30 % of residents follow this recommendation. In this research I aim to provide insight as to why many mobile home residents seldom undertake the suggested course of action for tornadoes. Using excerpts from twenty semi-structured interviews conducted during 2013 in South Carolina, I show that some individuals understand physical characteristics of tornadoes very differently than experts do. In addition, mobile home residents may also hold views that differ from experts about the ability of their homes to withstand tornadic winds and debris. Even if mobile home occupants pay close attention to thunderstorm hazards and might be willing to evacuate, they may prioritize protective actions for lightning or flash flooding over those recommended for tornadoes. Finally, the interviews reveal that there is much confusion over where to go, when to leave, and which route to take to arrive safely at a sheltering place for tornado hazards. I discuss some of the potential ramifications of the findings for theory and practice and suggest how future research might build on this work.