The formation and maintenance of crayfish hierarchies: behavioral and self-structuring properties
The formation and maintenance of crayfish hierarchies: behavioral and self-structuring properties
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DOI：
10.1007/s002650000222
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Huber, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goessmann, C;Hemelrijk, C;Huber, R
使用定量行为技术分析了幼年小龙虾（Astacus astacus）群体中战斗行为的变化和支配关系的发展。当个体被放入水族箱中时，竞争挑战的数量、平均持续时间和达到的最大强度最初很高，但随着等级的发展而稳定下降。在所有群体中，都出现了线性等级制度，随着时间的推移，这种等级制度变得越来越稳定。胜利在两个不同的时间尺度上影响了随后的战斗行为。短期内，最近的赢家撤退的可能性逐渐降低。其次，连续几天占据主导地位的个体在遭遇初期更有可能升级到更高的强度。这两种效应都会使未来互动的结果产生偏差，即获胜会增强进一步的成功，而失败则会减少个人随后获得统治地位的机会。
Behavioral changes in fighting and the development of dominance relationships were analyzed in groups of juvenile crayfish (Astacus astacus) using quantitative behavioral techniques. When individuals were placed into an aquarium, the number of agonistic challenges, their mean duration, and maximum intensity reached were high initially but then decreased steadily as the hierarchy developed. In all groups, linear hierarchies emerged which became increasingly stable over time. Winning influenced subsequent fighting behavior on two distinct time scales. In the short term, recent winners became progressively less likely to retreat. Second, individuals occupying dominant positions for days became increasingly likely to escalate to higher intensities early in the encounter. Both effects biased the outcome of future interactions such that winning enhanced further success and losing decreased an individual's subsequent chances for dominance.