A Three-Way Trade-Off Maintains Functional Diversity under Variable Resource Supply
A Three-Way Trade-Off Maintains Functional Diversity under Variable Resource Supply
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DOI：
10.1086/673532
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Litchman, Elena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Edwards, Kyle F.;Klausmeier, Christopher A.;Litchman, Elena
生物体所依赖的资源经常随着时间的推移而波动，各种共同特征被认为是对可变资源供应的适应。要了解群落的性状结构，就必须了解功能权衡，这些权衡决定了哪些性状组合是可能的，哪些物种可以在给定的环境中持续存在和共存。我们比较浮游植物物种的性状，以测试建议的最大增长率，平衡竞争能力磷（P），并能够存储P之间的权衡。我们发现这些性状之间的三向权衡的证据，我们使用经验性状协变参数化的机械模型下的竞争脉冲磷供应。该模型表明，不同的策略有利于在不同的条件下的营养供应制度，生产力和死亡率。此外，多种策略通常共存，并且在模型中持续存在的性状范围与在真实的物种中发现的性状范围相似。这些结果表明，机械模型告知的经验性状变异，结合自然群落的性状结构的数据，将发挥重要作用，揭示机制，生态群落的多样性和结构的基础。
The resources that organisms depend on often fluctuate over time, and a variety of common traits are thought to be adaptations to variable resource supply. To understand the trait structure of communities, it is necessary to understand the functional trade-offs that determine what trait combinations are possible and which species can persist and coexist in a given environment. We compare traits across phytoplankton species in order to test for proposed trade-offs between maximum growth rate, equilibrium competitive ability for phosphorus (P), and ability to store P. We find evidence for a three-way trade-off between these traits, and we use empirical trait covariation to parameterize a mechanistic model of competition under pulsed P supply. The model shows that different strategies are favored under different conditions of nutrient supply regime, productivity, and mortality. Furthermore, multiple strategies typically coexist, and the range of traits that persist in the model is similar to the range of traits found in real species. These results suggest that mechanistic models informed by empirical trait variation, in combination with data on the trait structure of natural communities, will play an important role in uncovering the mechanisms that underlie the diversity and structure of ecological communities.