Neutron therapy--the historical background.
Neutron therapy--the historical background.
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中子治疗——历史背景。
DOI：
10.3109/02841869409098412
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
T. Landberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Svensson;T. Landberg
中子疗法最早是由Stone等人提出的。1938年，也就是比电子束治疗早10多年，而中子发现仅6年后。尽管在产生足够的治疗束方面取得了令人印象深刻的成就，但也找到了时间对中子束进行仔细的放射生物学研究。然而，人们并不认为对于某一早期反应，中子的后期效应比X射线大得多。严重的晚期后遗症与为数不多的好结果成比例，促使这种疗法的关闭。20世纪60年代末，S在哈默史密斯医院再次引入中子治疗。其主要原因似乎是为了克服氧气效应。报告了令人鼓舞的结果。有人认为，获得关于局部肿瘤控制的非常有利的统计数据是以更频繁和更严重的并发症为代价的。爱丁堡的一项临床试验似乎表明了这一点，但最终并未得到证实，因为两项试验在分级方面存在差异。今天，大约有16,000名患者接受了中子治疗。现在使用的中子束与以前使用的中子束在剂量分布和微剂量学性质方面都有很大的不同。然而，中子的优势仍然存在争议。有迹象表明，中子治疗可能对某些肿瘤有利。在瑞典建立中子治疗中心之前，应该进行仔细的成本效益研究，因为适合使用中子的患者群体有限，而且可能会有新的可能性，以更少的资源改进光子和电子治疗。
Neutron therapy was first introduced by Stone et al. in 1938, i.e. more than 10 years earlier than electron beam therapy and only 6 years after the discovery of neutrons. In spite of the impressive accomplishment in generating an adequate therapy beam, time was also found for careful radiobiological studies of neutron beams. However, it was not considered that for a certain early reaction the late effects were much greater with neutrons than with x-rays. The severe late sequelae in proportion to the few good results motivated the closure of this therapy. Neutron therapy was again introduced in Hammersmith hospital at the end of the 1960's. The major reason seems to have been to overcome the oxygen effect. Encouraging results were reported. It was argued that the very favourable statistics on local tumour control were obtained at the expense of more frequent and more severe complications. A clinical trial in Edinburgh seemed to indicate this, but it was not proved in the end as the two trials differed regarding fractionation. Today about 16,000 patients have been treated with neutrons. The neutron beams now used differ significantly, both regarding dose distributions and microdosimetrical properties, from those utilized earlier. The advantage of neutrons is still, however, controversial. There are indications that neutron treatment may be favourable for some tumours. A careful cost-benefit study ought to be performed before the creation of a neutron therapy centre in Sweden as the group of patients suitable for neutrons is limited, and there may be new possibilities for improvement of photon and electron treatment with much smaller resources.